摘要
对239份国外大豆种质资源的23个质量性状和15个农艺及品质数量性状进行了评价鉴定,并筛选出特异种质,为我国南方大豆种质资源创新和新品种选育提供物质基础。结果表明,该批国外大豆种质资源具有较为丰富的遗传多样性,23个质量性状的Simpson多样性指数范围为0~0.6720,荚色多样性指数最大,茎形状和荚形多样性指数为0;15个农艺及品质性状变异系数范围为4.85%~83.73%、Simpson多样性指数范围为0.6406~0.8526,主茎节数多样性指数最大,荚宽多样性指数最小,底荚高度变异系数最大,粗脂肪含量、荚长、生育日数、粗蛋白质含量变异系数均小于10%;国外大豆种质资源粗蛋白质含量集中分布在40.01%~45.00%之间,而粗脂肪含量集中分布在18.01%~20.00%之间;粗蛋白质含量仅与底荚高度呈显著正相关,生育日数、茎粗、单株粒数、单株粒重、百粒重、荚长、荚宽的改良,有利于粗脂肪含量的提高;前5个主成分的累计贡献率达84.419%,第1主成分为产量构成因子,第2主成分为粒荚因子,第3主成分为株高因子,第4主成分为品质因子,第5主成分为生育期因子;筛出14份高粗蛋白质含量、6份高粗脂肪含量和2份特大粒特异种质。
In this study,23 qualitative traits and 15 agronomic and quality quantitative traits of 239 soybean germplasm resources introduced from abroad were evaluated. Elite germplasms were screened to provide reference for soybean germplasm innovation and breeding in southern China. The results showed that those soybean germplasms represented abundant genetic diversity. The Simpson diversity index of 23 qualitative traits ranged from 0 to 0.6720. The mature pod color diversity index was the highest,and the stem shape and pod shape diversity indexes were 0. The variation coefficients of the 15 agronomic and quality traits ranged from 4.85% to 83.73%,and the Simpson diversity index ranged from 0.6406 to 0.8526. The number of nodes on main stem diversity index was the highest,and the pod width diversity index was the lowest. The variation coefficient of bottom pod height was the highest,and the variation coefficients of crude fat content,pod length,growth duration and crude protein content were<10%. The crude protein content was concentrated in the range of 40.01% to 45.00%,while the crude fat content was concentrated in the range of 18.01% to 20.00%. The crude protein content was only positively correlated with the bottom pod height,and the improvement of growth duration,stem diameter,seed number per plant,seed weight per plant,100-seed weight,pod length and pod width was beneficial to the increase of crude fat content. The top 5 principal components,from top downwards,were the yield component factor,the seed and pod factor,the plant height factor,the quality factor,and the growth period factor, their cumulative contribution reached 84.419%. From those soybean germplasm resources,14 with high crude protein content,6 with high crude fat content,and 2 with very large seed were screened.
作者
赵朝森
王瑞珍
赵现伟
ZHAO Chao-sen;WANG Rui-zhen;ZHAO Xian-wei(Institute of Crop Sciences,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期665-673,共9页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0100201)
国家现代大豆产业技术体系建设(CARS-04-CES27)。
关键词
国外大豆
种质资源
农艺性状
品质性状
遗传多样性
soybeans from abroad
germplasm resources
agronomic traits
quality traits
genetic diversity
