摘要
【目的】探明黔南州当地茶树资源的生化特性及其利用价值,为都匀毛尖茶的品质鉴定优质特色资源开发提供依据。【方法】选择贵定县贵定鸟王种、惠水县惠水种、平塘县平塘种、都匀市团山种于春夏秋3个季节采摘一芽2叶,按照都匀毛尖机械制茶工艺加工后进行生化指标测定。【结果】春茶水浸出物、氨基酸、黄酮、叶绿素、生物碱等含量平均值均高于2个春茶对照样(江苏省和安徽省产名优绿茶);春、夏、秋3个季节水浸出物平均值分别为43.00%、38.93%和37.33%,茶多酚为28.61%、31.21%和28.64%,氨基酸为3.28%、2.27%和2.13%,黄酮为0.62%、0.67%和0.65%,可溶性糖为2.52%、2.53%和2.32%,叶绿素为3.41 mg/g、2.12 mg/g和2.87 mg/g,生物碱总量为4.39%、4.61%和3.81%,儿茶素为14.08%、13.50%和13.48%。【结论】黔南州4个品种茶叶加工都匀毛尖内含物质含量较为丰富,春茶生化成分含量总体优于夏茶和秋茶,不同茶叶种所制都匀毛尖成分含量各有特点。
【Objective】The biochemical characteristics and the utilization value of tea resources in Qiannan Prefecture are explored to provide a reference for quality identification and high-quality characteristics resource of Duyun Maojian Tea.【Method】Guiding Niaowang species,Huishui species,Pingtang species and Tuanshan species are selected to pick one bud with two leaves in spring,summer and autumn and process according to the mechanical processing technology of Duyun Maojian,and then the biochemical indexes are determined.【Result】The average value of water extracts,amino acid,flavonoid,chlorophyll and alkaloid is higher than those of two spring tea controls(famous green tea produced in Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province).The average value of water extracts in spring,summer and autumn tea is 43.00%,38.93%and 37.33%respectively.Tea polyphenols is 28.61%,31.21%and 28.64%.Amino acid is 3.28%,2.27%and 2.13%.Flavonoid is 0.62%,0.67%and 0.65%.Soluble sugar is 2.52%,2.53%and 2.32%.Chlorophyll is 3.41 mg/g,2.12 mg/g and 2.87 mg/g.Total amount of alkaloid is 4.39%,4.61%and 3.81%,and catechin is 14.08%,13.50%and 13.48%.【Conclusion】The internal substance contents of Dunyun Maojian processed by four local tea species in Qiannan Prefecture are relatively abundant.The biochemical component contents of spring tea are generally better than those in summer and autumn tea.The component contents of Dunyun Maojian Tea prepared with different tea species have their own characteristics.
作者
杨家干
黄亚辉
YANG Jiagan;HUANG Yahui(Zunyi Service Center of Planting Development,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2021年第4期78-84,共7页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
关键词
茶叶
加工工艺
都匀毛尖
生化成分
tea
processing technology
Duyun Maojian
biochemical components
