摘要
目的了解和分析西藏自治区那曲市包虫病流行现状和势态,评估2017-2019年综合防治效果,为制订包虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集那曲市辖区内各流行县(区)2017-2019年包虫病综合防治联合评估数据并与2012-2016年流调数据作比较,分析2017-2019年那曲市包虫病综合防治效果。采用SPSS22.0软件进行统计学分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果那曲市2019年人群包虫病患病率为0.54%(2533/466732),较2016年的3.37%(15565/462381)显著下降(χ^(2)=43.00,P<0.05);2019年犬棘球绦虫感染率为2.28%(67/2941),较2016年的11.36%(128/1127)显著下降(χ^(2)=208.00,P<0.05)。标化后犬感染率为1.72%,各县标化感染率均有不同幅度的下降;2019年家畜包虫病患病率为0.06%(26/43796),较2016年的5.74(21/366)明显下降(χ^(2)=63.00,P<0.05)。2019年人群包虫病防治相关知识知晓率为98.64%(16322/16547),较2016年的31.01%(824/2657)显著升高(χ^(2)=1348.00,P<0.05)。结论那曲市2017-2019年包虫病综合防治效果显著,人群包虫病患病率、犬感染率、家畜患病率均显著下降,人群包虫病相关知识知晓率提高。
Objective To ascertain and analyze the current prevalence of and trends in hydatid disease in the City of Nagqu,Tibet Autonomous Region and to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive control from 2017 to 2019 in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating echinococcosis control strategies.Methods Combined assessment data on the comprehensive prevention and control of hydatid disease were collected from counties(districts)with outbreaks in the City of Nagqu from 2017 to 2019.Those data were compared to data on the prevalence of hydatid disease from 2012 to 2016,and the effectiveness of comprehensive control of echinococcosis in the City of Nagqu from 2017 to 2019 was analyzed.Several specific approaches were used.The first was to calculate the prevalence of hydatidosis.This study conducted a general survey.The prevalence of echinococcosis was calculated based on the number of individuals who underwent B-ultrasound of the abdomen and who were diagnosed in accordance with the"Diagnostic Standards for Hydatid Disease"(WS257-2006).The second was to calculate the rate of infection in dogs.ELISA was used to detect Echinococcus antigens in fresh canine fecal samples,and the rate of infection in dogs was calculated.The third was to calculate the prevalence of hydatid disease in cattle and sheep.This study looked at the surface of each lobe of the liver and lungs of slaughtered cattle and sheep and determined whether there were cysts or masses in the organ parenchyma.The ratio of the number of inspections is calculated.Fourth,this study surveyed villagers and students regarding their level of awareness of echinococcosis prevention and control.Fifth,the software SPSS22.0 was used to perform statistical analysis,and rates were comparted using theχ^(2) test.Results In 2017,11,567 patients were identified in the City of Nagqu.There were 6,746 patients with echinococcosis at the end of 2018 and 2,533 at the end of 2019.This number has tended to decrease each year.In 2019,the prevalence of echinococcosis among the population of the City of Nagqu was 0.54%(2,533/466,732),which was a decrease of 83.98%(χ^(2)=43.00,P<0.05)compared to 3.37%(15,565/462,381)in 2016.The rate of infection with Echinococcus in dogs was 2.28%(67/2,941)in 2019,which was a decrease of 79.93%(χ^(2)=208.00,P<0.05)compared to 11.36%(128/1,127)from 2012-2016.The rate of infection in dogs was 1.72%,and the standardized rate of infection in all counties and districts declined to varying degrees.In 2019,the prevalence of echinococcosis in livestock was 0.06%(26/43796),a decrease of 98.95%(χ^(2)=63.00,P<0.05)compared to 5.74(21/366)in 2016.In 2019,the level of awareness of echinococcosis prevention and control was 98.64%(16322/16547),which was significantly higher than 31.01%(824/2657)in 2016(χ^(2)=1348.00,P<0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and control of echinococcosis in the City of Nagqu achieved remarkable results from 2017 to 2019.The prevalence of hydatid disease in the population,the rate of infection in dogs,and its prevalence in livestock all decreased significantly,and the rate of awareness of echinococcosis has increased significantly among the population.
作者
艾佳佳
王莹
贡桑曲珍
庞华胜
季笑遥
次多杰
白玛央金
索朗拉姆
AI Jia-jia;WANG Ying;GONGSAN Quzhen;PANG Hua-sheng;JI Xiao-yao;CI Duojie;BAIMA Yangjin;SUOLANG Lamu(Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lahsa 850000,China;Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control,National Health Commission;The National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention)
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期292-296,共5页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
关键词
那曲市
西藏
包虫病
综合防治
效果分析
Nagqu City
echinococcosis
integrated control
effect analysis
