摘要
针对农村剩余污泥、厨余垃圾、农作物秸秆堆肥资源化效率低的问题,采用两段式好氧协同堆肥技术实现农村有机固废高效资源化,以提高好氧堆肥效率。通过两段式好氧协同堆肥技术,考察了堆肥的效果和设备利用率;通过添加生物炭的方式,探讨了生物炭对两段式好氧协同堆肥的影响。结果表明,两段式好氧协同堆肥产品31 d完成腐熟,堆体第1段发酵时间持续了12~14 d,堆体温度可高达63~68℃,能够满足《粪便无害化卫生要求》(GB 7959-2012)的要求,其主体设备利用率提高了50%以上;堆肥产品质量达到《有机肥标准》(NY 525-2012)、《生物有机肥标准》(NY 884-2004)以及《城镇污水处理厂污泥处置园林绿化用泥质》(GB/T 23486-2009)的相关规定;生物炭的添加可使最高堆体温度提高5℃,高温期延长4 d,总氮、总钾和总磷的损失率分别降低了23%、16%和23%,胡富比(H/F)增加率提高了50%,腐殖质的损失率降低了10%,有机质降解率提高了17%,从而优化了堆肥过程和提高产品质量。该研究结果可为农村有机固废尤其是农村剩余污泥的就地资源化处理提供参考。
Aiming at the demand for the treatment and dis excess surplus sludge, kitchen waste, and crop straw produced by rural sewage treatment and the low efficiency of composting resources, two-stage aerobic cocomposting technology was adopted to realize the efficient resource utilization of rural organic solid wastes to improve aerobic composting efficiency. Through the two-stage aerobic cooperative composting technology, the effects of composting and equipment utilization were investigated. By adding biochar, the influence of biochar on the two-stage aerobic cooperative composting was discussed. The results show that the two-stage aerobic cocomposting was completed in 31 days, with the first fermentation time lasted for 12~14 days and the temperature of the compost could reach 63~68 ℃, which met the Hygienic Requirements for Harmless Disposal of Night Soil(GB 7959-2012). The utilization rate of main equipment increased by more than 50%. The quality of composting products reached the "Organic Fertilizer Standard "(NY 525-2012), Bio-Organic Fertilizer Standard(NY 884-2004) and Disposal of Sludge From Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant —Quality of Sludge Used in Gardens or Parks(GB/T 23486-2009). The addition of biochar could rise the maximum temperature of compost by 5 ℃, prolong the high temperature period by 4 days, decrease the loss rate of total nitrogen, total potassium and total phosphorus by 23%, 16% and 23% respectively, promote the increase rate of H/F ratio by 50%, decrease the loss rate of humus by 10%, enhance the degradation rate of organic matter by17%, which optimized the composting process and improved the product quality. The research results can provide reference for the on-site resource treatment of rural organic solid wastes, especially rural excess sludge.
作者
王霄
徐素
詹俊
马嘉伟
刘俊新
李琳
郭雪松
WANG Xiao;XU Su;ZHAN Jun;MA Jiawei;LIU Junxin;LI Lin;GUO Xuesong(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1708-1715,共8页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07102004-002)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52041004)。
