摘要
2018年,心血管病死亡占我国城乡居民总死亡原因的首位,农村为46.66%,城市为43.81%。推算心血管病现患人数3.30亿,其中脑卒中1300万,冠心病1139万,肺原性心脏病500万,心力衰竭890万,心房颤动487万,风湿性心脏病250万,先天性心脏病200万,下肢动脉疾病4530万,高血压2.45亿。由于不健康饮食、身体活动不足、吸烟等生活方式危险因素的广泛流行,我国患有高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和肥胖的绝对人数还在不断攀升,这将进一步推高我国心血管病的发病率和死亡率。为此,我们要坚持“大卫生、大健康”理念,从仅关注危险因素本身到关注危险因素形成和流行的环境,更加关注环境因素和生活方式对危险因素形成的作用。在生命早期强调心血管健康,采取以预防高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、肥胖和吸烟等零级预防为主的策略,把健康融入所有政策,形成有利于健康生活方式的社会环境,促进以治病为中心向以健康为中心转变,提高人民健康水平。
Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remained the leading cause of death in 2018,accounting for 46.66%and 43.81%of all deaths in rural and urban areas,respectively.It is estimated that about 330 million people suffered from CVD.The number of patients suffering from stroke,coronary heart disease,pulmonary heart disease,heart failure,atrial fibrillation,rheumatic heart disease,congenital heart disease,peripheral artery disease and hypertension were 13 million,11.39 million,5 million,8.9 million,4.87 million,2.5 million,2 million,45.3 million and 245 million,respectively.Due to the widespread prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet,insufficient physical activity,and smoking etc,the absolute number of people suffering from hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,and obesity in China is still on the rise,which will further increase the morbidity and mortality of CVD in China.The prevention of CVD should transit from the attempts of primary prevention by targeting the risk factors of CVD to targeting the environmental and lifestyles factors.The core of primordial prevention concept refers that we should not only treat the CVD risk factors,but more importantly we should also try our best to prevent CVD risk factors.Because atherosclerosis starts in youth and is related to dyslipidemia,smoking,and higher blood pressure,glucose levels,and body mass index,the implication of primordial prevention strategy must start early in life.This strategy might provide enormous potential for future reductions in CVD rates in China.
作者
中国心血管健康与疾病报告编写组
胡盛寿
The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
出处
《中国循环杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期521-545,共25页
Chinese Circulation Journal
关键词
心血管病
流行病学
健康影响因素
危险因素
患病率
死亡率
社区防治
康复
基础研究
器械研发
cardiovascular disease
epidemiology
health influencing factors
risk factors
prevalence
mortality
community-based prevention and control
rehabilitation
basic research
medical device development
