摘要
针对现有水稻排肥器结构复杂、排肥性能不佳的问题,设计了一种集排式双向螺旋送肥离心锥盘式排肥装置。该装置主要由肥料箱、双向螺旋、离心锥盘式排肥装置等部件组成。工作时肥料箱中的肥料由双向螺旋输送至离心锥盘式排肥装置中,在离心锥盘离心力作用下均匀分散并沿锥盘内壁上升至排肥口处排出。确定了排肥装置的关键结构参数:双向螺旋外径100 mm、内径40 mm、螺距90 mm、螺牙厚3 mm、离心锥盘最小半径60 mm、离心锥盘倾角45°。以双向螺旋转速、离心锥盘转速、排肥装置行进速度为试验因素,以排肥均匀性变异系数为评价指标,进行三元二次通用旋转组合试验。结果表明,对排肥均匀性变异系数的影响显著性大小的因素依次为双向螺旋转速、离心锥盘转速、排肥装置行进速度。优化后的最佳参数组合为双向螺旋转速5.27r/min、离心锥盘转速243.7 r/min、装置行进速度0.66 m/s。优化排肥均匀性变异系数最小值为17.60%。验证试验的排肥均匀性变异系数平均值为17.16%,优化数值解与验证试验结果吻合度较好。
In view of the complex structure and poor performance of the existing rice fertilizer discharging device,the centrifugal cone-disc fertilizer discharging device with a two-way screw fertilizer feeding was designed.The device is mainly composed of fertilizer box,two-way screw,centrifugal cone-disc fertilizer device and other components.The fertilizer in the fertilizer box is conveyed to the centrifugal cone-disc fertilizer discharging device by a two-way spiral during working,and then is evenly dispersed and discharged along the inner wall of the cone under the centrifugal force of the centrifugal cone.The key structural parameters of the fertilizer discharging device are identified as the two-way spiral outer diameter of 100 mm,the inner diameter of 40 mm,the pitch of 90 mm,the thread thickness of 3 mm,the minimum radius of the centrifugal cone of 60 mm,and the inclination angle of the centrifugal cone of 45°.The three dimensional and quadratic general rotation combination tests were conduct used two-way spiral speed,the speed of the centrifugal cone,and the travel speed of the fertilizer discharging device as the test factors,and the coefficient of variation of the discharging uniformity as the evaluation index.The results show that the significance of the influence of various factors on the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity is in the descending order of the two-way spiral speed,the centrifugal cone speed,and the travel speed of the fertilizer discharging device.After optimization,the minimum value of the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity is 17.60%under the optimization condition with the bidirectional spiral of 5.27 r/min,the centrifugal cone of 243.7 r/min,the device travel speed of 0.66 m/s.The average value of the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity is 17.16%in the verification test.It is found that the optimized numerical solution is in good agreement with the results of the verification test.
作者
曹鑫
谢方平
王修善
刘大为
邬备
CAO Xin;XIE Fangping;WANG Xiushan;LIU Dawei;WU Bei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Chinese Grain and Oilseed,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期338-343,共6页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
湖南省农业农村厅农机装备创新发展项目(湘财农指(2018)175号)。
关键词
双向螺旋
离心式
集中排肥器
性能试验
two-way screw
centrifugal type
centralized fertilizer discharging device
performance test
