摘要
从生物合成和生物降解两个角度展望了生物技术在复合推进剂原料合成和降解处理中的应用前景,包括生物基含能材料前体、生物基黏合剂前体、生物合成的无机纳米材料以及端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)降解菌、高氯酸铵(AP)降解菌和黑索今/奥克托今(RDX/HMX)降解菌。在生物合成方面,可再生的生物质材料不仅可以用于合成相对应的硝酸酯和芳香族含能化合物,还可以聚合为可初步满足固体推进剂性能需求的黏合剂,降低化工合成所带来的浪费与污染。而由生物方法所合成的无机纳米材料种类远超过传统化学方法,这极大拓展了固体推进剂功能助剂的筛选范围,进一步提升推进剂性能。在生物降解方面,HTPB降解已经具备了一定的理论和实验基础,为该技术的进一步发展奠定了基础。AP、RDX、HMX降解已经初步具备了工程应用的能力,可用于废弃含能材料的处理和环境污染修复。附参考文献98篇。
From the perspectives of biosynthesis and biodegradation,the application prospects of biotechnology in the synthesis and degradation of composite propellant materials are prospected,including bio-based energetic material precursors,bio-based binder precursors,biosynthetic inorganic nanomaterials and hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)degrading bacteria,ammonium perchlorate(AP)degrading bacteria and RDX/HMX degrading bacteria.In terms of biosynthesis,renewable biomass materials can not only be used to synthesize corresponding nitrate esters and aromatic energetic compounds,but also can be polymerized into a binder that can initially meet the performance requirements of solid propellants,reducing the cost of chemical synthesis waste and pollution.The types of inorganic nanomaterials synthesized by biological methods far exceed those of traditional chemical methods,which greatly expands the screening range of solid propellant functional additives and further improves the performance of the propellant.In terms of biodegradation,HTPB degradation has a certain theoretical and experimental basis,laying a foundation for the further development of technology.The degradation of AP,RDX and HMX has initially possessed the capability of engineering applications,which can be used for the treatment of waste energetic materials and the remediation of environmental pollution.With 98 references.
作者
吴世曦
姚南
桂恒
梁凤兵
魏曼曼
庞爱民
WU Shi-xi;YAO Nan;GUI Heng;LIANG Feng-bing;WEI Man-man;PANG Ai-min(Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Xiangyang Hubei 441003, China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang Hubei 441003, China;Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Kunming 650201, China;Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Shandong 266101, China;Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期259-270,共12页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.21975066)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.21905084)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(No.2019M662745)
联合基金项目(No.U20B2018)。
关键词
应用化学
复合固体推进剂
生物合成
生物降解
生物技术
applied chemistry
composite solid propellant
biosynthesis
biodegradation
biotechnology
