摘要
为了有效控制钢包浇注过程中汇流旋涡的临界高度,以150 t钢包为原型,基于相似原理,采用1∶3的物理模型,通过水模拟研究了钢包初始液位、静置时间、水口位置、水口结构和阻旋装置对汇流旋涡形成过程的影响。结果表明,初始液位对旋涡的形成影响较小,而静置时间和水口位置的影响显著。在逆时针注水情况下,随着静置时间的增加,旋涡起旋高度逐渐增加,临界贯通高度先增加后减小;随着水口偏心率的增加,旋涡的临界高度逐渐降低。比较现用水口、新设计的梯形水口和正方形水口发现,梯形和正方形水口可以略降低旋涡的临界高度。研究提出了一种实心圆柱体阻旋装置,当其高度为80 mm、安装在水口靠近包壁的一侧时可以显著抑制旋涡的产生,贯通高度比现用钢包降低78.2%。工业实践表明,使用该抑旋装置可将高拉速下(1.4~1.6 m/min)Q195L钢的变流率由原来的8.6%~12%降为1.96%。
To control the critical height of the sink vortex during the ladle teeming,a 1∶3 water model has been established for a 150 t industrial ladle to study the effects of the ladle initial liquid level,residence time,nozzle location and structure,and anti-vortex device on the formation and evolution of the vortex based on the similarity principle.The results show that the residence time of the ladle and the location of the nozzle will exert an important influence on the vortex formation rather than the initial liquid level.With the increase of the residence time,the starting height of the sink vortex gradually increases,while the critical penetration height first increases and then decreases;the vortex critical height gradually decreases with the increasing nozzle eccentricity.By comparing the nozzle types,it is found that the trapezoidal nozzle and square nozzle can reduce the critical height of the vortex by a small amount.A cylindrical anti-vortex device is proposed,and the critical penetration height of the vortex has been reduced by 78.2%with it.The industrial practice shows that the vortex occurrence rate at high casting speed(1.4-1.6 m/min)can be reduced from 8.6%-12%to 1.96%by using this device.
作者
胡群
唐海燕
李小松
张家泉
包伟峰
蒋宪勋
HU Qun;TANG Hai-yan;LI Xiao-song;ZHANG Jia-quan;BAO Wei-feng;JIANG Xian-xun(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Steelmaking Plant,Jilin Jianlong Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Jilin 132000,Jilin,China;Product Development Division,Jilin Jianlong Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Jilin 132000,Jilin,China)
出处
《钢铁》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期35-41,共7页
Iron and Steel
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目(2182038)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874033,U1860111)。
关键词
钢包
浇注过程
物理模拟
汇流旋涡
临界高度
ladle
casting process
physical modeling
sink vortex
critical height
