摘要
沥青质是原油中最重的极性组分,对含蜡原油的结晶、胶凝和流动行为具有重要影响。介绍了原油中沥青质的发现历程及目前存在的几种描述方法。针对沥青质在原油中的存在形式和自身结构特征,总结了沥青质胶体理论和实际溶液理论的发展情况和优缺点,以及沥青质的二维、三维结构模型。论述了沥青质聚集析出现象的机理和特点,归纳了描述该动力学过程的研究方法。在对原油结晶、胶凝的物理过程分析的基础上,总结了沥青质对上述过程的影响。
Asphaltenes are the heaviest polar components in crude oil and have an important influence on the crystallization,gelation,and flow behavior of waxy crude oil.This article briefly introduced the discovery process of asphaltenes in crude oil and several existing description methods.According to the existing form and structure characteristics of asphaltenes in crude oil,the development,advantages,and disadvantages of asphaltenes colloid theory and practical solution theory,as well as the two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure models of asphaltenes were summarized.The mechanism and characteristics of asphaltene precipitation were discussed,and the research methods describing the kinetic process were summarized.Based on the analysis of the physical process of crude oil crystallization and gelation,the influence of asphaltene on the above process was also summarized.
作者
雷云
于鹏飞
柳扬
彭浩平
赵会军
LEI Yun;YU Pengfei;LIU Yang;PENG Haoping;ZHAO Huijun(School of Petroleum Engineering,Changzhou University,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation Technology(Changzhou University),Changzhou 213164,China)
出处
《常州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2021年第4期72-82,共11页
Journal of Changzhou University：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51971039,51671037)
常州大学科技计划资助项目(ZMF18020303,ZMF18020304)。
关键词
含蜡油
沥青质
析出
结晶
胶凝
waxy oil
asphaltene
precipitation
crystallization
gelation
