摘要
针对航空发动机低压涡轮轴传统手工装配存在的劳动强度大、装配效率低下、人工拧紧预紧力偏差大等问题,设计并研制了一套航空发动机低压涡轮轴自动化装配系统。实现了涡轮轴装配的轴孔自动调姿对接、安装止口自动加热测温、螺母自动拧紧等自动化装配工艺流程,并开发了相应的软件控制系统。针对狭小空间内轴孔装配位姿难以测量的难题,利用双目结构光相机获取的三维点云数据,对安装面装配距离与孔位对齐角度进行高精度测量,给定测量范围内安装面匹配测量误差小于0.05 mm,基于最小距离优化的孔位对齐角度测量偏差小于0.07°,基于力位复合控制的自动化装配实验表明视觉测量系统满足低压涡轮轴的自动化装配需求。
In view of the problems of traditional manual assembly of aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft,such as high labor intensity,low assembly efficiency and large deviation of manual tightening preload,a vertical automatic assembly system for aero-engine low-pressure turbine shaft was designed and developed.The automatic assembly process of turbine shaft assembly is realized,such as automatic alignment and docking of shaft hole,automatic heating and temperature measurement of installation seam,and automatic tightening of nuts,and the corresponding software control system is developed.Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to measure the assembly position and pose of the shaft hole in a narrow space,using the 3 D point cloud datas obtained by the binocular structured light camera,the high-precision measurement of the distance between the mounting surface and the angle of hole position is carried out.Within the given measurement range,the matching measurement error of the mounting surface is less than 0.05 mm,and the angle deviation of the hole position optimized based on the minimum distance is less than 0.07°to meet the requirements of automatic assembly of low-pressure turbine shaft Measurement requirements.
作者
王稼祥
陈坤勇
江录春
陈津
王皓
WANG Jiaxiang;CHEN Kunyong;JIANG Luchun;CHEN Jin;WANG Hao(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;AECC Shanghai Commercial Aircraft Engine Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《机械设计与研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期94-100,104,共8页
Machine Design And Research
基金
国家项目科技重大专项(2018ZX04005001-002)。
关键词
自动化装备
航空发动机低压涡轮轴
视觉测量
装配对接
三维点云
automatic equipment
aeroengine low pressure turbine shaft
visual measwrement
butt assembling
point cloud
