摘要
本文运用路径依赖理论,分析了大学生体质健康测试制度中存在的路径依赖困境,有高校对相关政策执行不彻底、体育教师测试操作不规范和学生测试态度不积极等,主要原因包括"报酬递增"是形成路径依赖的动力、政策适用主体的固有利益是外在推力、第三方机构监测机制不健全、正式规则与非正式规则的冲突以及政策难以达到预期效果和交易费用高。并提出以下5点消解之策:树立政策法律权威,提升学生体质健康水平在高校评估中的重要性;加强激励与惩罚,促进个人理性到集体理性;完善第三方监测制度,加强外部质量保障;强化非正式规则的培育与改造;扩大公民参与,促进政策适用性。
Using the path dependence theory, this paper describes the path dependence dilemma in the physical health test system, which might be related to relevent policies failing to be implemented in colleges;unstandardized fitness test in class;negative attitude toward fitness test among college students. The main reasons included the endogenous resistance caused by increasing returns;the external thrust formed by the inherent interests of policy related subjects;the imperfect monitoring mechanism of third-party institutions;the conflict between formal and informal rules;policy is difficult to achieve the expected effect and high transaction costs and the high transaction costs. Five countermeasures are proposed in the paper, including the establishment of authority of policy and law, enhancement of the importance of physical health in students;strengthening incentive and punishment, promoting individual rationality to collective rationality;improvement of the third-party monitoring system, strengthening external quality assurance;strengthened transformation and cultivation of informal rules;citizen participation expansion, promoting policy applicability, and reducement of the cost of the system.
作者
吴宗喜
WU Zongxi(PE Dept.of China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing(210000),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期810-813,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
体质
组织和管理
健康促进
学生
Body constitution
Organization and administration
Health promotion
Students
