摘要
每一轮工业革命都伴随着能够引领商业浪潮发展的世界一流管理实践的涌现。然而,并不存在永恒不变、普遍适用的世界一流管理模式和最佳实践,适应主导技术经济范式、能够充分利用国家制度经济优势、强化企业核心资源和能力的管理就是世界一流管理。对世界一流管理实践的系统梳理和理论分析显示,无论是世界一流的战略管理、创新管理、组织管理、风险管理等公司层面的管理,还是世界一流的运营管理、财务管理、人力资源管理、管理信息化等职能层面的管理,都围绕管理目标和管理方式两个维度展开,且世界一流的职能层面管理日益呈现出与战略管理融合发展的态势。新工业革命为中国企业参与底层技术突破和商业模式创新打开了机会窗口,以“高智”学习的方式积极地吸收国外一流管理经验,同时创造性地开发和利用中国独特的资源和多样化市场需求机会,是中国企业探索和定义世界一流管理的必由之路。
Observing the history of economic development,each round of industrial revolution is accompanied by the rise of industrial powers and world-class enterprises that grasp the leading technology of this round of technological revolution,as well as the emergence of world-class management practices.Although the leading technology and the first-class management practice carrying every technological and economic paradigm change are quite different,the rationality of the world-class management lies in the maximum release of the leading technology potential of each round of industrial revolution.From the perspective of the innovation subject of the world-class management,large enterprises are often the main driving force of the world-class management practice.From the perspective of the impact of the world-class management on the competitiveness of enterprises,the world-class management has greatly strengthened the core competence of enterprises,giving birth to a number of world-class enterprises that monopolize specific industries and segments for a long time.Throughout the latest evolution of world-class management,whether it is the innovation of management modes or management methods,whether it is the world-class strategic management,innovation management,organization management,risk management and other company level management,or the world-class operation management,financial management,human resource management,management information and other functional level management,all around the management purpose And management methods.From the former point of view,the world-class management generally takes the management purpose of value creation as the main line;from the latter point of view,the management mode presents the remarkable characteristics of digital intelligence,ecology,flexibility and empowerment.World class strategic management emphasizes strategic foresight,coordination,balance,dynamics and execution.Innovation management attaches importance to innovation ecology,collaborative innovation,collaborative benefit,openness and inclusiveness,and lean iteration.Organizational management presents the characteristics of fuzzy boundary,flat structure,mission driven,relationship enabled,intelligent operation,and value sharing,which is very popular Insurance management highlights the requirements of comprehensiveness,value,intelligence,strategy and integration.Operation management turns to large-scale customization,synchronization of strategy and tactics,digitization and intelligence,flexibility and lean.Financial management pays more attention to digital asset management,financial sharing services,intelligence and strategy.Human resource management is guided by strategic human resource management and performance.The core content of information management is to promote the digital transformation of internal value chain and the digitization and intellectualization of external value system.The trend of integration of world-class functional management and strategic management is constantly strengthening.Chinese enterprises can’t simply copy the world-class management through“low intelligent”learning,but should deeply grasp the cause and effect and law behind the world-class management by“high intelligent”learning,and explore the effective path to the world-class management by combining with China’s situation and enterprise management foundation.In the process of entering the world-class management,Chinese enterprises need to effectively deal with the following four kinds of relationships:the first is the relationship between flexible management and rigid management,the second is the relationship between empowerment and centralized control,the third is the relationship between intelligent management and humanistic management,and the fourth is the relationship between value management and target management.At present,the new round of industrial revolution with the core characteristics of intelligence,digitization and networking has provided an unprecedented window of technological and economic opportunities for the cultivation of China's world-class enterprises,the emergence of world-class management practices,and industrial catching up and national rejuvenation.Developing countries,including China,which have a certain industrial base,widely participate in the technological breakthrough and business model innovation at the bottom,which is the biggest feature of this round of industrial revolution compared with previous rounds.If Chinese enterprises want to take advantage of the new industrial revolution,they must accurately grasp the technological and economic paradigm requirements of the new round of revolution,and strengthen breakthrough technological innovation and management mode change.
作者
中国社会科学院工业经济研究所课题组
张其仔
Research Group of Institute of Industrial Economics,CASS(Institute of Industrial Economics,CASS,Beijing,100006,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期5-21,共17页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“新技术革命背景下全球创新链的调整及其影响研究”(19AJY013)。
关键词
技术经济范式
世界一流管理
战略管理
职能管理
techno-economic paradigm
world class management
strategic management
functional management
