摘要
早期潜水活动曾被认为是一种经济价值高且对珊瑚礁影响较小的生态旅游项目,但随着潜水旅游逐渐盛行,诸多研究结果表明,全世界潜水区的珊瑚礁均出现了不同程度的退化,一些热门潜水旅游区每年接纳的游客数量甚至远超出珊瑚礁的生态承受极限。笔者对与珊瑚礁生态系统与潜水旅游承载能力相关的研究结果进行了统计分析,总结了潜水活动影响珊瑚礁的主要因素,归纳了其对珊瑚、珊瑚礁鱼类、底栖生物群落及珊瑚礁生态系统造成的影响。建议未来可将室内模拟实验与野外宏观数据相结合,建立潜水活动对珊瑚影响程度的评价指标,明确不同珊瑚礁区对于潜水等水下娱乐项目的承载能力,并加强潜水活动对珊瑚礁生态系统的影响研究。
Scuba diving is considered as an ecotourism activity with high economic value,which has little impact on coral reefs in the early days.However,as diving tourism has become increasingly popular recently many studies have shown that the coral reef degradation is exacerbating in the diving areas around the world for the reason that the times of diving each year in some intensive diving areas greatly exceed the ecological carrying capacity of coral reefs.A review was made of the researches on the ecological carrying capacity of coral reefs for diving tourism and the main factors of diving tourism affecting coral reefs,and the impacts of diving activities on corals,coral fishes,benthic communities and coral reef ecosystem were summarized.Some suggestions for future research were made based on the review.It is highly advisable to identify the ecological carrying capacity of coral reefs in different areas for diving tourism,combine indoor simulation with the field monitoring and observation,and make a systematic research on the impact of tourism on the coral reef system other marine organisms.
作者
张瑜
任瑜潇
刘相波
朱铭
王爱民
李秀保
ZHANG Yu;REN Yuxiao;LIU Xiangbo;ZHU Ming;WANG Aimin;LI Xiubao(College of Marine Science,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)
出处
《热带生物学报》
2021年第2期261-270,F0003,共11页
Journal of Tropical Biology
基金
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2020177)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42076108)
2020年海南大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目
2020年海南大学海洋学院本科生创新实验课题项目
海南大学引进人才启动项目[KYQD(ZR)1805]。
关键词
珊瑚礁
珊瑚保护
潜水旅游
人类活动
生态承载力
coral reef
coral conversation
diving tourism
human activity
ecological carrying capacity
