摘要
[目的/意义]专利资源碎片化是专利权利在技术市场中支离破碎的分布状态,严重阻碍了技术创新与科技成果转化。如何准确识别专利资源碎片化是穿越专利丛林和实现新兴技术可持续发展的关键与前提。[方法/过程]该文以1999-2018年我国新能源汽车动力电池34477件发明授权专利为样本数据,分别从专利数量、专利密度以及专利分布结构三维视角,结合CR_(n)、首位度、G·M分散度、专利网络密度与社会网络分析法等测度方法,系统识别了特定技术领域专利资源内在分布结构与动态演变规律。[结果/结论]研究表明,我国新能源汽车动力电池领域呈现出严峻的专利资源碎片化分布格局和愈加分散的发展态势。主要表现为:在专利数量上,从最初所有权的分散逐渐演变为专利权人的高度分散与专利数量的集中爆发,存在专利市场双失灵风险;在专利密度上,专利网络密度偏低、技术关联性弱、关键技术匮乏、技术延伸链条短以及去中心化现象突出,呈现“整体分散、局部交叠”的分布状态;在整体分布结构上,专利分布趋于均衡、整体分散度高,在总体上呈现“先集中后分散”的演进趋势。
[Purpose/Significance]The fragmentation of patent resources is a fragmented distribution of patent rights in the technology market,which seriously hinders technological innovation and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.How to accurately identify and verify the existence of patent resource fragmentation is the key and premise to cross the patent thicket and realize the sustainable development of technology.[Method/Process]This paper uses 34477 inventions authorized patents in China's new energy vehicle power battery from 1999 to 2018 as sample data,and comprehensively measured the fragmentation from the three-dimensional perspectives of patent quantity,patent density and patent distribution structure.Combined with CR_(n),G·M dispersion and social network method,the internal distribution structure and dynamic evolution of the fragmentation of patent resources in the technology field are identified quantitatively.[Result/Conclusion]The study shows that there is a serious fragmentation of patent resources in the field of new energy vehicle power battery in China,and the trend of development is more and more scattered.The distribution of patent resources mainly shows as follows:in terms of quantity,it is manifested in the gradual evolution of patent thicket from the decentralization of initial ownership to the highly decentralized patentees and the centralized outbreak of patent quantity,which has the risk of dual failure of the patent market;in terms of quality,it is shown as low patent density,weak technology relevance,lack of key technologies,short technology extension chain and prominent technology decentralization,the patent resources show an"overall dispersion,partial overlap";in terms of patent distribution structure,it tends to be balanced,and the overall dispersion is high,which shows the distribution evolution trend of"centralization first and then decentralization"on the whole.
作者
黄欢
Huang Huan(School of Public Administration,Xi'an University of Finance and Economics,Xi'an 710061)
出处
《情报杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第7期16-22,共7页
Journal of Intelligence
关键词
专利资源碎片化
专利丛林
专利密度
专利分布结构
社会网络分析
新能源汽车
fragmentation of patent resources
patent thicket
patent density
patent distribution structure
social network analysis
new energy vehicle
