摘要
为明确华北地区冬小麦实现高产高效的最佳管理措施,本研究利用边界线分析法,通过分析管理因素与产量和氮肥利用效率的关系,确定管理措施的优化方案,并进一步使用整合分析方法和田间试验法对优化结果进行验证。结果表明:冬小麦高产高效的合理氮肥施用量为172~270 kg/hm^(2),追肥日期为起身期到孕穗期之间,基追比在0.33~1.30范围内,播种量为188~298 kg/hm^(2),播种日期为10月2—11日之间。整合分析验证结果表明,对于播种量和基追比,低于或高于边界线优化结果,冬小麦产量都呈显著负效应,播期可以根据情况向前稍扩大范围,追肥日期拔节期最佳。整合分析方法和田间试验法结合表明,高于优化的施氮量,冬小麦产量减少,氮肥偏生产力降低,低于优化施氮量,冬小麦产量显著降低,氮肥偏生产力增加,但氮肥偏生产力差异不显著。基于边界线分析方法的冬小麦高产高效管理措施优化的结果适用于华北地区冬小麦种植,边界线分析方法可以用于优化作物生产过程中各项管理措施。
To clarify the best management measures for achieving high yield and high efficiency of winter wheat in North China,this study uses the boundary line analysis method to determine the optimal plan of management measures by analyzing the relationship among management factors,yield and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency(PFPN),and further uses the meta-analysis method and field experiment method to verify the optimization results.The optimization results of the boundary line showed that the reasonable nitrogen fertilizer application rate for winter wheat high yield and high efficiency was172-270 kg/hm^(2),the top dressing date was between the rise and booting stage,the base-topdressing ratio was in the range of 0.33-1.30,the sowing rate was 188-298 kg/hm^(2),and the sowing date was between October 2 and October 9.The verification results of the meta-analysis showed that for the sowing amount and the base-dressing ratio,winter wheat yield lower or higher than the boundary line optimization result had a significant negative effect,the sowing date could be slightly expanded according to the situation,and the best topdressing date was during the jointing period.The combination of the meta-analysis method and the field experiment method showed that the yield of winter wheat and the PFPN were reduced when the nitrogen application rate was higher than the optimal nitrogen application rate,the yield of winter wheat was significantly reduced when the nitrogen application rate was lower than the optimal nitrogen application rate,but the PFPN difference was not significant.The results of the optimization of high-yield and high-efficiency management measures for winter wheat based on the boundary line analysis method are suitable for winter wheat planting in North China,and the boundary line analysis method can be used to optimize various management measures in the process of crop growth.
作者
韩彦茹
李亚楠
王栋
吉庆凯
郭路航
马文奇
HAN Yanru;LI Yanan;WANG Dong;JI Qingkai;GUO Luhang;MA Wenqi(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期15-21,共7页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200403).
关键词
冬小麦
管理措施
高产高效
边界线分析法
winter wheat
management measures
high yield and high efficiency
boundary line analysis method
