摘要
Aqueous zinc–air batteries(ZABs)are highly regarded as a promising electrochemical energy storage device owing to high energy density,low cost,and intrinsic safety.The employment of seawater to replace the currently used deionized water in electrolyte will bring great economic benefits and broaden the application occasions of ZABs.However,ZABs using seawater-based electrolyte remain uninvestigated without an applicable cathode electrocatalyst or a successful battery prototype.Herein,seawater-based electrolyte is successfully employed in ZABs with satisfactory performances.The influence of chloride anions on the cathode electrocatalytic reactivity and battery performance is systemically investigated.Both noble-metal-based and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts are applicable to the chloride-containing alkaline electrolyte.Further evaluation of ZABs with seawaterbased electrolyte demonstrates comparable battery performances with the conventional electrolyte in terms of polarization,capacity,and rate performance.This study demonstrates a successful prototype of seawater-based ZABs and enlightens the utilization of natural resources for clean and sustainable energy storag.
基金
supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676160,21825501,21905157,and U1801257)
National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFA0202500 and 2016YFA0200102)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M641375 and 2019M650697)
the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.We thank Ding Ren,。
