摘要
黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)为杂食性鸟类,食物以植物性食物为主。采用粪便显微分析法对大山包越冬的黑颈鹤进行了植物性食物研究。结果表明黑颈鹤食物较为多样,共取食43种植物,其中以白车轴草(Trifolium repens)、木里薹草(Carex muliensis)、毛连菜(Picris hieracioides)、纤细柴胡(Bupleurum gracillimum)、滇香薷(Origanum vulgare)为主,分别占总干重的13.04%、8.51%、5.99%、5.28%、5.15%。黑颈鹤取食的植物部位差异性显著(F=10.095,df=3,P=0.000),以植物叶子为主,占总量的63.91%。在今后的湿地植被恢复工作中,可考虑在退化区域通过人工种植白车轴草来提高植被盖度并增加黑颈鹤的食物来源。
Black-necked Cranes(Grus nigricollis)are omnivorous birds,but mainly feed on plants.We studied the herbivorous diets of Black-necked Cranes using microhistological analysis at Dashanbao National Nature Reserve.Our results showed that Black-necked Cranes fed on a total of 43 plant species.The Trifolium repens,Carex muliensis,Picris hieracioides,Origanum vulgare,and Bupleurum gracillimum were the main food plants,accounting for 13.04%,8.51%,5.99%,5.15%and 5.28%of the total dry biomass,respectively.Black-necked Cranes had selection on organs of plants(F=10.095,df=3,P=0.000)and preferred leafs(63.91%)than other organs.In the future wetland restoration act,we suggested Trifolium repens as the main plant species for the recovery of the plant community and increase food source of Black-necked Cranes.
作者
刘强
朱顺梅
李宁云
刘朝蓬
钟兴耀
Qiang LIU;Shun-Mei ZHU;Ning-Yun LI;Zhao-Peng LIU;Xing-Yao ZHONG(National Plateau Wetlands Research Center,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry,Kunming,Yunnan 650000,China;Yunnan Dashanbao National Nature Reserve,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China)
基金
云南省应用基础研究项目(2011FB130)
遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室开放课题(GREKF12-13)。
关键词
黑颈鹤
植物性食物
显微分析
大山包
Black-necked Crane
Herbivorous diet
Microhistological analysis
Dashanbao
