摘要
间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)因具有可塑性、低免疫原性、免疫调节以及自我更新能力等特性,且在机体的损伤修复、组织功能重建、免疫调节及基因治疗等方面的作用,使其成为了现代生物领域中的热点。但干细胞治疗的成活率、分化率较低、归巢量少以及安全性等问题仍然存在,并且存有致瘤的风险。同时,不少研究发现MSCs主要是通过其旁分泌作用来发挥其修复、调节、治疗的功能,其分泌的细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EV)不仅保留了亲代MSCs的生物学活性,展现出类似的治疗潜力,且能够弥补部分干细胞治疗中的缺点,使得MSCs源性的细胞外囊泡在众多领域获得了广泛的关注。本文就MSCs的旁分泌作用及其在心肌修复、呼吸系统、免疫调节等领域的最新研究进展及临床应用作综述。
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have become a hot spot in the field of modern biology due to their plasticity,low immunogenicity,immune regulation and self-renewal ability,and in numerous researches on body injury repair,tissue function reconstruction,immune regulation and gene therapy.However,the problems of stem cell therapy still exist,such as safety,low rate of survival,differentiation and less homing quantity,and there is also a risk of tumorigenesis.Meanwhile,many studies have found that MSCs play their role of repair,regulation and treatment mainly through paracrine mechanism.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)secreted by MSCs not only retain the biological activity of parental MSCs,and show similar therapeutic potential,but also compensate for some shortcomings in stem cell therapy.Therefore,MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)have gained wide attention in many fields.In this article,the paracrine role of MSCs and its latest research progress and clinical application in myocardial repair,respiratory system,immune regulation and other fields are reviewed.
作者
王媞尔
史明霞
WANG Ti′er;SHI Mingxia(Department of Hematology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Hematology Research Center of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650032,China)
出处
《实用医学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第13期1651-1654,共4页
The Journal of Practical Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81760035)
云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学应用基础研究联合专项基金项目(编号:2017FE468-030)。
关键词
间充质干细胞
旁分泌作用
细胞外囊泡
研究进展
临床应用
mesenchymal stem cells
paracrine action
extracellular vesicles
research advance
clinical application
