摘要
为完善大白菜节水简约化种植新技术,对相关技术实施的应用细节进行确认。在种子包壳过程分别或同时加入不同浓度的甲拌·辛硫磷粉粒剂、吡虫啉水分散粒剂,观察添加农药对种子发芽率和苗期虫害发生率的影响;比较不同播种量、不同种植模式对出苗率的影响;调查了不同类型大白菜采用精量播种简约化节水种植技术的节水、省工效果。结果表明,在种子包壳过程加入甲拌·辛硫磷(有效成分含量≤3 g·kg^(-1))或吡虫啉(有效成分含量≤70 g·kg^(-1)),可减少苗期虫害发生而不影响种子发芽;每穴播种2粒种子出苗率达到88%以上,可基本满足生产需要;地膜+高畦+滴灌方式出苗率为95%~99%,比传统天膜+平畦+沟灌方式出苗率显著提高;与传统种植模式相比较,采用精量播种简约化节水种植技术大白菜生长期节水10.4%~29.5%,省工42.2%~79.9%。
In order to improve the simplified water-saving cultivation technology for Chinese cabbage〔Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis(Lour)Olsson〕,this paper confirmed the application details of correlation technique implement.This study observed the effect of adding pesticide on seed germination and insect pests occurrence at the seedling stage,with different concentrations of phoxim and imidacloprid were added during the seed encapsulation process separately or simultaneously;investigated the effect of different seeding rate,different planting patterns on the emergence rate at seedling stage;and surveyed the planting benefits of different types of Chinese cabbage using precision seeding and simplified planting technology.The results showed that phoxim(effective ingredient content≤3 g·kg^(-1))or imidacloprid(effective ingredient content≤70 g·kg^(-1))added in the seed encapsulation could reduce the insect pests occurrence at the seedling stage without affecting seeds germination.The emergence rate of 2 seeds per hole could reach over 88%,and basically fulfilled the production needs.The emergence rate of drip irrigation was 95%-99%,significantly higher than that of the traditional furrow irrigation.Compared with the traditional cultivation pattern,water consumption and labor use were reduced by 10.4%-29.5%and 42.2%-79.0%,respectively by this new cultivation technology during Chinese cabbage growth period.
作者
吴萍
张凤兰
余阳俊
汪维红
王德欣
宋顺华
徐秀兰
唐晓伟
郭宇
张海军
王宝驹
高燕
WU Ping;ZHANG Fenglan;YU Yangjun;WANG Weihong;WANG Dexin;SONG Shunhua;XU Xiulan;TANG Xiaowei;GUO Yu;ZHANG Haijun;WANG Baoju;GAO Yan(Beijing Vegetable Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement,Beijing 100097,China;Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050041,Hebei,China)
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2021年第7期56-61,共6页
China Vegetables
基金
北京市科技计划项目(D171100007617002)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(2018YFD0100805,KJCX20170710)
北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ201915)。
关键词
大白菜
种子包壳
精量播种
节水种植
Chinese cabbage
seed encapsulation
precision drilling
water-saving cultivation
