摘要
马来豪猪Hystrix brachyura在南方山地分布广泛,但其生态学研究报导却十分少见。为掌握马来豪猪的活动节律及其气象影响因素,2015年7月—2017年11月,利用红外相机技术对贵州习水国家级自然保护区的马来豪猪进行了监测。结果表明:1)马来豪猪为单峰型夜行性动物,不同季节的日活动节律并不完全相同,秋季日活动节律与其他季节有明显差异(P<0.01),而其他季节之间的差异不明显。2)不同月相时期马来豪猪各时段的频数之间的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.116,df=5,P=0.953);活动强度随月光强度的增强而下降,新月的月相活动强度指数最高,亏凸月的最低。3)马来豪猪的日活动强度与平均气温(r=0.468,P=0.034)和空气平均相对湿度(r=0.498,P=0.025)均呈显著正相关,但年活动强度仅与平均气温(r=0.769,P=0.008)显著正相关。综上可见,保护区内马来豪猪有固定的活动节律与活动强度模式,并受到月相、气温、空气相对湿度等气象因子的影响。本研究可为马来豪猪后续的生物学、生态学研究提供有益参考。
Malayan porcupines(Hystrix brachyuran)are widely distributed in the mountainous areas of southern China.However,the ecological studies concerning this species are rare.In this study,camera-trapping technology was used to investigate the activity rhythm of H.brachyuran and its meteorological affecting factors in the Xishui National Nature Reserve(Guizhou Province)from July 2015 to November 2017.The results showed that:1)H.brachyuran is a unimodal nocturnal animal species,and its diel activity rhythms differed with seasons.The diel activity rhythms of this species in autumn was significantly different from that in other seasons,and no significant difference was detected in other seasons.2)There was no significant difference between the activity frequency at different lunar-phases(χ^(2)=1.116,df=5,P=0.953).The diel activity intensity decreased with the increasing of the moonlight intensity,and its activity intensity index at New Moon was the highest,while that at the Waning Crescent was the lowest.3)The diel activity intensity of H.brachyuran showed significant positive correlations with average temperature(r=0.468,P=0.034)and average relative air humidity(r=0.498,P=0.025).By contrast,its annual activity intensity only showed significant positive correlation with average temperature(r=0.769,P=0.008).In conclusion,H.brachyuran in the Xishui National Nature Reserve has fixed diel active rhythm and activity intensity pattern,which might be influenced by moon phases,temperature and relative air humidity.This study provides a helpful reference for further biological and ecological studies on H.brachyuran.
作者
戴正先
杨光美
胡灿实
张明明
粟海军
DAI Zhengxian;YANG Guangmei;HU Canshi;ZHANG Mingming;SU Haijun(Xishui National Nature Reserve Administration, Xishui, Guizhou Province 564600, China;College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Research Center, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2021年第4期415-423,共9页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
习水国家级自然保护区野生动物红外相机监测科技支撑校地合作项目
国家第二次陆生野生动物资源调查大娄山常规调查项目。
关键词
马来豪猪
红外相机监测
活动节律
气象因素
Hystrix brachyura
infrared-camera monitoring
activity rhythm
meteorological factors
