摘要
近年来,由于钠与锂相比,有着丰富的储量且成本低的优势,因此在电网储能和分布式储能领域应用广泛。钠离子电池负极材料是钠离子电池的关键组成部分,受到了广泛关注。铋基材料,包含铋金属和含铋化合物负极材料,具有对环境友好、容量高、成本低的优点,是公认具有应用前景的钠离子电池负极材料。然而铋金属负极材料在嵌钠过程中巨大的应变导致的材料粉碎,以及铋化合物低导电性是阻碍其应用的主要障碍。将从铋基负极材料分类、纳米结构构筑、复合策略和电化学性能入手,总结铋基负极材料的研究进展,并详细讨论其电化学性能的改善方法,并对铋基钠离子电池负极材料的发展提出展望。
The development of efficient electrochemical energy storage materials and devices was an important mean to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis caused by fossil fuel consumption.Lithium-ion batteries had the advantages of high energy density and light weight,were the most ideal and common electrochemical energy storage devices at current stage.However,the shortcomings of low crust reserves and high cost of lithium element limited the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries.Sodium ion battery was a relatively novel secondary battery,benefitting from the similar physical and chemical properties of metallic sodium to lithium and the accumulation of people′s experience in lithium ion battery research,sodium ion battery technology had developed rapidly.In addition,sodium had the advantages of abundant reserves and low cost in the crust,so it could be assembled into a cheaper energy storage device,widely used in large-scale energy storage fields such as grid energy storage and distributed energy storage.The sodium ion battery was mainly composed of positive electrode material,negative electrode material and electrolyte.The negative electrode material was a key component of sodium ion battery and had received extensive attention.However,the diameter of sodium ions was much larger than that of lithium ions,resulting in low sodium storage capacity of common lithium-ion battery anode materials such as graphite,and difficulty in insertion and extraction of sodium ions,making it difficult to meet application requirements.There were three types of anode materials:insertion type,alloy type and conversion type.Compared with insertion type anode materials,conversion type and alloy type anode materials showed high capacity in sodium ion batteries,which was the focus of future development of sodium ion battery anode materials.Bi-based materials including bismuth metal and bismuth-containing compound anode materials had the advantages of environmental friendliness,high capacity,and low cost,and were regarded as one of the anode materials for sodium ion batteries in the future.Bi-based anode materials mainly included bismuth elementary anode materials,bismuth alloy anode materials and bismuth-based compound anode materials.This review summarized the research progress of bismuth-based anode materials from the classifications,nanostructures construction,composite strategies and electrochemical performance of bismuth-based anode materials,and summarized the methods to solve the high volume expansion phenomenon caused by the reaction of bismuth-based materials and sodium.At first,we introduced the main principle of sodium deintercalation for bismuth-based metal anodes.From the perspective of structural design,we then explained the advantages and problems of bismuth metal anodes of different dimensions such as one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and three-dimensional.Furthermore,the internal relationship about bismuth-based alloy materials between composition and electrochemical performance were discussed.In addition,the poor rate performance resulting from low conductivity of bismuth compounds and the high irreversible capacity caused by the conversion reaction process were their main problems.This review summarized bismuth-based compounds applied in sodium ion batteries from the aspects of composition,structure,and electronic structure.Although the bismuth-based anode materials have made good progress,there were still some aspects that need further research,such as how to further improve the first Coulomb efficiency,how to improve the compatibility between the electrolyte and the electrode material,and the use operando characterization methods to deeply study its interface behavior and energy storage mechanism.This review could provide a reference for beginners of bismuth-based electrode materials,and put forward prospects for the development of bismuth-based sodium ion battery anode materials at the same time.
作者
魏昌昊
郭思广
马雯
梅士雄
项奔
高标
Wei Changhao;Guo Siguang;Ma Wen;Mei Shixiong;Xiang Ben;Gao Biao(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;General Research Instilute for Nonferrous Melals,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期611-631,共21页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51974208,21875080)
湖北省自然科学杰出青年基金项目(2020CFA099)
湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2019CFA020)
湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2018AAA011)资助。
关键词
钠离子电池
负极材料
铋金属
铋合金
铋化合物
sodium ion battery
anode material
bismuth metal
bismuth alloy
bismuth compound
