摘要
【目的】在机采种植模式下,研究无膜替代有膜对棉花生长生育及产量的影响,为无膜棉高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】利用筛选到的适宜无膜栽培的棉花新品系中棉619为试材,采用随机区组排列试验,设置大田有膜与无膜对比试验,分析有膜、无膜配置对棉花生育期、叶面积指数、光截获率、干物质积累及产量因素的影响。【结果】无膜棉生育期推迟9 d、叶面积指数和光截获率降幅分别达到8%和7.16%;无膜处理下的干物质积累起始期和结束期均晚于有膜棉,且干物质积累的持续期和最大速率较有膜棉降低3 d和0.714 g/d,但生长特征值却高于有膜棉14.893 g;无膜处理的果枝数、结铃数显著减少,籽棉和皮棉产量比有膜处理低6.73%、7.79%,差异不显著,且衣分变化不明显。【结论】中棉619能够不用地膜种植,通过优化栽培措施可以降低无膜棉对叶面积、生物量、光截获率以及产量的损失,实现绿色植棉。
【Objective】Under the machine-harvesting planting mode,to study the effect of membraneless replacement with membrane on the growth,growth and yield of cotton,and to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of membraneless cotton.【Method】Using the selected new cotton line"Zhongmian 619"suitable for non-membrane cultivation as the test material,a random block arrangement test was used to set up a field contrast test with and without membrane to analyze the effect of the configuration with and without membrane on cotton The influence of growth period,leaf area index,light interception rate,dry matter accumulation and yield factors.【Results】The growth period of non-membrane cotton was postponed by 9 days,and the leaf area index and light interception rate decreased by 8%and 7.16%,respectively.The start and end periods of dry matter accumulation under non-membrane treatment were both later than that of membrane-free cotton,and dry matter accumulation The duration and maximum rate of cotton were 3d and 0.714g/d lower than that of cotton with membrane,but the growth characteristic value was higher than that of cotton with membrane at 14.893g;the number of fruit branches and bolls in the treatment without membrane was significantly reduced,and the yield of seed cotton and lint cotton was higher than that of cotton.Membrane treatment is 6.73%and 7.79%lower,the difference is not significant,and the change of lint score is not obvious.【Conclusion】Zhongmian 619 can completely plant cotton without mulching,and by optimizing cultivation measures,the loss of leaf area,biomass,light interception rate and yield of filmless cotton can be greatly reduced,and green cotton can be planted.
作者
辛明华
魏恒玲
杨北方
李小飞
范正义
韩迎春
李亚兵
喻树迅
XIN Minghua;WEI Hengling;YANG Beifang;LI Xiaofei;FAN Zhengyi;HAN Yingchun;LI Yabing;YU Shuxun(State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology /Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang Henan 455000, China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期1265-1274,共10页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划“棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0201900)
国家重点研发计划“棉花轻简高效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1001004)。
关键词
无膜棉
生长发育
光截获
产量
without membrane cotton
growth and development
light interception
yield
