摘要
[目的]研究园林树种叶片滞尘能力与叶表结构及颗粒物特征的关系,为筛选优良园林绿化树种、提高植被的滞尘效应提供科学依据。[方法]以杭州市富阳区5个常见园林绿化树种(红花檵木、海桐、红叶石楠、桂花和香樟)为研究对象,分别在工业区、交通区和清洁区进行采样,采用质量差值法测定植物对不同粒径颗粒物的滞留能力,利用扫描电镜及能谱仪观测植物叶表面结构、颗粒物形貌特征及所含元素,分析叶片表面结构、颗粒物形态、粒径大小与植株滞尘能力的相互关系。[结果]在工业区中绿化树种对总颗粒物的滞留量大小为:红花檵木(7.36 g·m^(−2))>桂花(6.53 g·m^(−2))>海桐(6.44 g·m^(−2))>红叶石楠(4.28 g·m^(−2))>香樟(2.59 g·m^(−2)),交通区和清洁区也呈现同样的规律。不同功能区绿化树种对PM10的总滞留量达11.34 g·m^(−2),不同树种的滞留能力依次为红花檵木、海桐、红叶石楠、桂花和香樟。不同功能区内绿化树种对颗粒物的滞留量呈现工业区>交通区>清洁区的趋势;植物叶片滞留的颗粒物形态可分为规则和不规则两类,常见球形、椭圆形、蓬松状聚合体、链状聚合体、不规则块状、不规则片状等。[结论]各功能区内,均以红花檵木的滞尘量最大,香樟的滞尘量最小;叶片滞留颗粒物中粗颗粒物占比大于细颗粒物;叶片滞留的颗粒物多为烟尘集合体和矿物颗粒。
[Objective]To study the relationship between leaf dust retention capacity and leaf surface structure and particle characteristics of landscaping tree species so as provide data for screening excellent landscaping tree species and improving the dust retention effect of vegetation.[Method]Five common evergreen tree species(Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum,Osmanthus fragrans,Pittosporum tobira,Photinia×fraseri and Cinnamomum camphora)in Fuyang District of Hangzhou were studied.The samples were collected from industrial zone,traffic zone and clean zone.The dust-holding capacity of these plants was recorded by weight difference method,the leaf surface structure,particle morphological structure and elemental composition of dust were observed by SEM-EDS.The relationship between leaf surface structure,particle morphology,particle size and dust holding capacity was analyzed.[Result]The results showed that the leaf dust retention capacity of the five tree species in the industrial area followed the order of L.chinense var.rubrum(7.36 g·m^(−2))>O.fragrans(6.53 g·m^(−2))>Pittosporum tobira(6.44 g·m^(−2))>Photinia×fraseri(4.28 g·m^(−2))>C.camphora(2.59 g·m^(−2)),and the same pattern was observed in traffic zone and clean zone.The total PM10 retention amount of these tree species reached to 11.34 g·m^(−2),the order of retention capacity of these tree species was L.chinense var.rubrum,Pittosporum tobira,Photinia×fraseri,O.fragrans and C.camphora.The air quality in these zones showed obvious effect on the leaf retention capacity,followed the order of industrial zone>traffic zone>clean zone.The particles trapped in plant leaves consisted of regular particles and irregular mineral particles,which mainly included spherical,oval,fluffy polymer,chain polymer,irregular block and irregular sheet.[Conclusion]L.chinense var.rubrum shows the strongest dust-retention ability,while C.camphora shows the weakest retention of particulate matter.The percentage of coarse particles trapped in the leaves are higher than that of the fine particles.The particles trapped in leaves are mostly soot aggregates and minerals particles.
作者
李海梅
党宁
禹靓倩
张涵丹
陈光才
LI Hai-mei;DANG Ning;YU Liang-qian;ZHANG Han-dan;CHEN Guang-cai(College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期84-94,共11页
Forest Research
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基金重点项目(CAFYBB2019SZ001)
国家自然科学基金项目(31971718)。
关键词
粒径
颗粒物
叶表面
形貌特征
particle size
particulate matter
leaf surface
appearance characteristics
