摘要
将木质纤维素类生物质生物转化生产液体燃料,如纤维素乙醇和大宗化学品,对缓解当前人类社会面临的能源和资源危机以及保护环境具有重要意义。半纤维素是木质纤维素类生物质的主要组成成分之一,它的生物降解转化对实现木质纤维素生物炼制意义重大。由于半纤维素糖种类的多样性和半纤维素结构的复杂性,需要一个复杂的半纤维素酶系才能完成对半纤维素的有效降解。除了木聚糖酶等以外,β-木糖苷酶也是半纤维素酶系的主要组分。在半纤维素降解过程中,β-木糖苷酶将木聚糖酶的水解产物木寡糖和木二糖水解为木糖,不仅在木聚糖的彻底降解过程中起着重要作用,而且可以缓解木寡糖对木聚糖酶和纤维素酶的抑制作用。该文综述了目前在β-木糖苷酶方面的研究进展,包括β-木糖苷酶的分类、酶学性质、酶结构及其催化机制、基因的克隆与表达等,并对β-木糖苷酶在纤维素乙醇生产中的应用情况进行了简述。
Bioconversion of lignocellulose into fuel ethanol and bulk chemicals is of great significance for alleviating the shortage of energy and resources,and environmental pollution.Hemicellulose is a main component of lignocellulose,and bioconversion of hemicellulose is important for the total utilization of lignocellulose biomass.Due to the diversity of hemicellulose sugars and the complexity of hemicellulose structure,a complex hemicellulase system is needed to complete the effective degradation of hemicellulose.Besides xylanase,β-xylosidase is one of the main components of hemicellulase system.β-xylosidase hydrolyzes xylooligosaccharide and xylobiose derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan by xylanase into xylose,which not only plays a key role in the complete degradation of xylan,but also relieves the inhibition of xylooligosaccharide on xylanase and cellulase during the hydrolysis of lignocellulose.In this paper,the research progress ofβ-xylosidase is reviewed,including the classification,enzymatic properties,enzyme structure and catalytic mechanism,gene cloning and expression,as well as the application ofβ-xylosidase in the production of cellulosic ethanol.
作者
叶延欣
宁艳春
李雪芝
岳军
刘国栋
赵建
YE Yan-Xin;NING Yan-Chun;LI Xue-Zhi;YUE Jun;LIU Guo-Dong;ZHAO Jian(State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;School of Life Science and Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467000,China;Research Institute of Jilin Petrochemical Company of PetroChina Company Limited,Jilin City 132021,China)
出处
《生命科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期773-780,共8页
Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870562)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF107009)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020223)
中石油科学研究与技术开发项目(2017A-4807)。
