摘要
荔枝麻点病是我国大陆地区荔枝上普遍发生的一种新病害,其病原为暹罗刺盘孢Colletotrichum siamense。为筛选防治该病的有效药剂并评价其农药残留安全性,于2012年-2018年分别在8个不同的果园开展了田间药剂防治试验,并于2016年和2018年分别对果实的农药残留量进行了检测。试验结果表明,250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油125~250 mg/L、60%唑醚·代森联水分散粒剂300~800 mg/L的防效较好且较为稳定,对荔枝麻点病的防效为74.20%~92.52%;250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂166.7~250 mg/L、450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂250~450 mg/L、325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯悬浮剂216.7~325 mg/L和62%多·锰锌可湿性粉剂885.7~1240 mg/L的防效次之,但不同年份不同果园间防效波动较大,防效介于65.81%~92.62%之间;在挂果期田间施药3~4次后,荔枝果实中各药剂农药残留量均符合国家食品安全标准(GB 2763—2016);此6种药剂推荐用于荔枝麻点病的田间防治。
Litchi pepper spot disease,caused by Colletotrichum siamense,is a newly recorded disease and widespread in China's Mainland.In order to screen effective fungicides for controlling litchi pepper spot disease,and also to evaluate the safety of fungicide residue on fruit after field application,field evaluations were conducted in eight geographically distinct orchards from 2012 to 2018,and fungicides residues were determined in 2016 and 2018.The results indicated that pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC at 125-250 mg/L,pyraclostrobin·metiram 60%WG at 300-800 mg/L reduced the disease incidence stably by 74.20%-92.52%.The following fungicides were azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC at 166.7-250 mg/L,prochloraz 450 g/L EW at 250-450 mg/L,difenoconazole·azoxystrobin 325 g/L SC at 216.7-325 mg/L and carbendazim·mancozeb 62%WP at 885.7-1240 mg/L,which reduced the disease incidence by 65.81%-92.62%,but fluctuated greatly in different years or orchards.The residues of all fungicides on litchi fruits conformed to the National Food Safety Standard in China(GB 2763—2016).The above results suggest that all the six kinds of fungicide can be used for controlling litchi pepper spot disease in the field.
作者
凌金锋
彭埃天
姜子德
习平根
宋晓兵
程保平
崔一平
陈霞
LING Jinfeng;PENG Aitian;JIANG Zide;XI Pinggen;SONG Xiaobing;CHENG Baoping;CUI Yiping;CHEN Xia(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640,China;Department of Plant Pathology,South China Agricultural University,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control,Guangzhou 510642,China;Maoming Branch of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Maoming 525000,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期250-257,共8页
Plant Protection
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0202100)
国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-32)
广东省现代农业产业技术体系(2018LM1077,2019KJ107-4)
广东省科技计划(2017A020208017)
广东省乡村振兴战略专项(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90)
广东省农业科学院院长基金(201709)。
关键词
荔枝麻点病
化学防治
田间防效
农药残留
litchi pepper spot disease
chemical control
field control effect
fungicide residue
