摘要
为了解决电弧增材制造超高强钢构件中存在的晶粒粗大、成分不均匀和力学性能较差等问题,提出一种将电弧熔丝增材制造和多向锻造相结合的复合成形技术。首先,采用电弧熔丝增材制造技术加工出300M钢块体,然后对其进行多向锻造实验,并采用单向拉伸实验对多向锻造前后300M钢的拉伸性能进行测试,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对微观组织和拉伸断口进行观察分析。结果表明:经过多向锻造后,沉积态的柱状晶被打碎并形成了均匀的等轴晶,微气孔得到消除,微观组织由贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体组成。多向锻造后,材料的横向和竖向拉伸性能得到了大幅提升,各向异性得到消除,抗拉强度提高了205.1~281.8 MPa,屈服强度提高了23.9~50.5 MPa,伸长率提高了15.5%~16.2%,且拉伸断裂模式由准解理断裂转变为韧性断裂。
In order to solve the problems of coarse grain,uneven composition and poor mechanical properties in the arc additive manufac-turing of ultra-high strength steel components,a hybrid forming technology combining arc fuse additive manufacturing and multi-directional forging was proposed.Firstly,a 300M steel block was fabricated by the arc fuse additive manufacturing technology,and then the multi-di-rectional forging test was conducted on it.Next,the tensile properties of 300M steel before and after multi-directional forging were tested by the uniaxial tensile tests,and the microstructure and tensile fracture were observed and analyzed by metallographic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that after multi-directional forging,the deposited columnar grains are broken,the uniform equiaxed grains are formed,the micropores are eliminated,and the multi-directional forged microstructure is composed of bainite,martensite and residual austenite.Thus,after multi-directional forging,the transverse and vertical tensile properties of the material are greatly im-proved,the anisotropy is eliminated,the tensile strength increases by 205.1-281.8 MPa,the yield strength increases by 23.9-50.5 MPa,the elongation increases by 15.5%-16.2%,and the tensile fracture mode is changed from quasi-cleavage fracture to ductile fracture.
作者
熊逸博
郑志镇
温东旭
李建军
Xiong Yibo;Zheng Zhizhen;Wen Dongxu;Li Jianjun(State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《锻压技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期1-6,共6页
Forging & Stamping Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106501)。
关键词
300M钢
电弧熔丝增材制造
多向锻造
微观组织
拉伸性能
300M steel
arc fuse additive manufacturing
multi-directional forging
microstructure
tensile property
