摘要
生物骨材料是一种结构复杂的各向异性材料,其切削加工是外科手术中一项基础而关键的操作。骨材料的加工质量直接影响手术治疗效果、人工假体植入稳定性、以及术后康复时间。人体不同部位的骨材料的力学性能存在一定差异,手术器械种类繁多且操作不同,使骨材料的加工方式呈现多样化。在外科手术中,各类器械需要对骨材料进行高精度、高效率、低损伤的加工,其加工机理研究对提高手术器械的使用性能,手术治疗效果和康复效果具有重大意义。因此,从生物骨材料的基础力学与断裂力学等特性出发,阐述了包括钻、铣、磨、锯等机械加工方式以及超声、激光、和水射流等特种能场加工方式对骨材料的切除机理,分析了不同机械加工方式下的切削力与切削温度理论模型,特种能场的切除机理与加工特性,指出骨材料加工的发展现状以及目前存在的一些问题,提出了骨材料加工的主要研究重点。
Bone is an anisotropic material with complex structure. Also, its processing is a basic technology in surgery. The quality of bone processing is the critical factor in surgical treatment effect, implant stability and postoperative recovery time. The mechanical properties of bone are varied from different parts of huma body. Moreover, tHhdCer e are many kiHndCds of surgical insHdtCru ments, which HdmCa ke precision, high efficiency and low damage. The research of bone cutting mechanism is of great significance to improve the performance of surgical instruments, surgical treatment and rehabilitation effect. Base on the basic characteristics of bone material, this review introduces the cutting mechanism of conventional(i.e. drilling, milling, grinding, sawing) and non-conventional(i.e. ultrasonic, laser, water/abrasive jet) bone processing, clarifying the development status of cutting force and cutting temperature models. Moreover, some existing problems are pointed out and the research thoughts on cutting mechanism of bone material are put forward in this review.
作者
王成勇
陈志桦
陈华伟
宋清华
任莹晖
隋建波
舒利明
陈滨
郑李娟
WANG Chengyong;CHEN Zhihua;CHEN Huawei;SONG Qinghua;RENG Yinghui;SUI Jianbo;SHU Liming;CHEN Bin;ZHENG Lijuan(School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgical Instruments and Manufacturing Technology,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006;School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Beihang University,Beijing 100191;Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture,Ministry of Education,School of Mechanical Engineering,Shangdong University,Jinan 250061;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082;Department of Mechanical Engineering,School of Engineering,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo 113-8656 Japan;Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515)
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期2-32,共31页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51735003,51475094,51805091)
广东省基础与应用基础研究重大(2019B030302010)
佛山仙湖实验室开放基金重点(XHT2020-010)
广东省自然科学基金(2018A030313713)资助项目。
关键词
骨材料
切削机理
机械加工
能场加工
加工特征
bone material
cutting mechanism
mechanical cutting
energy field processing
cutting characteristics
