摘要
行政行为理论建构起了现有行政法的基本体系,是链接实体与程序的核心,亦是司法审查的主要内容。如是,行政诉讼法的修改与陆续颁布的相应司法解释,都以行政行为标称行政主体对国法意志的具体表达。然而,无论是学理亦或实践中,仍有大量的事实表明人们对抽象与具体行政行为这一区分标准的科学性深信不疑。盖就其内部规范而言,这样的区分就有不可避免的逻辑矛盾。而且,也并未抓住行政诉讼法立法所主张的司法对行政权力的有限审查的核心展开,混淆了立法行为与行政行为及由它们衍生的不同救济逻辑。对于公民权利的克减,“只能依法律”与“只要依法律”处理的是不同的范畴,否则会给予理论和实践极大的误导。由此,有充分理由主张革新传统划分之依据,采用行政规定亦或行政决定的概念代替。当然,替代理论并非是排他唯一的,但其或将为司法实践和理论研究提供一定的逻辑参照。
The theory of administrative behavior constructs the basic theoretical system of administrative law. It is the core linking substantive law and procedural law and the main content of judicial review. Therefore,the amendments to the Administrative Procedure Law and the corresponding judicial interpretations successively promulgated,all use the administrative act as the specific expression of the administrative subject’s will of the state law. However,whether in theory or practice,there are still a lot of facts that show that people are convinced of the scientific nature of the distinction between abstract administrative behavior and specific administrative behavior. But as far as its internal norms are concerned,such a distinction has inevitable logical contradictions. Moreover,it failed to grasp the core content advocated by the "Administrative Procedure Law" legislation,that is,the limited review of administrative power by the judiciary. It confuses legislative actions and administrative actions,and the different remedy logics derived from them. Regarding the derogation of civil rights, "only in accordance with the law" and "as long as in accordance with the law" deal with different categories, otherwise the theory and practice will be greatly misguided.Therefore,there are good reasons to advocate reforming the basis of traditional division,and using the concept of administrative regulations or administrative decisions to dominate the theoretical system of administrative law. Of course,alternative theory is not exclusive and unique,but it can provide a certain logical reference for judicial practice and theoretical research.
作者
刘孟
沙卫鹏
Liu Meng;Sha Weipeng
出处
《南海法学》
2021年第3期1-10,共10页
The South China Sea Law Journal
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“合设合署党政机构宪制理论研究”(项目编号:19BFX052)阶段性研究成果之一。
关键词
行政行为
司法审查
行政决定
行政法释义学
administrative act
judicial review
administrative decision
administrative law interpretation
