摘要
我国是世界上拥有集装箱吞吐量超百万标箱港口数量最多的国家,港口在获得良好经济效益同时,船舶运输活动和装卸设备作业造成的大气污染也日益严重。为贯彻港口可持续发展理念,绿色港口建设势在必行。通过分析研究了我国港口大气污染物来源、排放清单编制方法、大气污染物排放特征等现状。总结了港口施工期和运营期主要大气污染物来源;为阐述港口船舶大气污染物排放清单,简述了点式空气质量自动检测和PEMS两种主要大气污染物检测方法;并总结了港口运输船舶、港作机械及集疏运车辆的排放清单编制方法及现状;进而归纳了港口主要污染源大气污染物排放特征。为比较不同年份不同地区船舶大气污染物排放特征、评估船舶减排成效,提出了港口船舶大气污染因子的概念及表达式,分析了我国大气污染物排放研究现状,并指出目前排放清单研究中对于内河港口大气污染物排放问题重视程度不足、排放因子本土化程度低、港口大气污染源考虑不全面等问题。
China has the largest number of ports with container throughput more than one million TEUs in the world.The issue of air pollutants caused by ships and handling facilities is becoming more and more serious at the same time that the ports have achieved good economic benefits.In order to implement the concept of sustainable development of ports,it is imperative to construct green ports.Through analyzing and studying the domestic status such as the sources of air pollutants,the compilation method of emission inventory and the emission characteristics of air pollutants,the main sources of air pollutants during port construction and operation were summarized.In order to expound the air pollutant emission inventory of port ships,two main air pollutant detection methods such as point type air quality automatic detection method and PEMS were briefly introduced;the compilation methods and current situation of emission inventory of port transport ships,cargo handling equipment and collection and distribution vehicles were summarized;moreover,the characteristics of air pollutant emission from the main pollution sources of the ports were summarized.Finally,the concept and expression of air pollution factor of port ships were proposed to compare the emission characteristics of ship air pollutants and evaluate the effectiveness of ship emission reduction in different years and different regions.The domestic research status of air pollutant emission was analyzed and the current deficiencies in the study of air pollutant emission inventory were pointed out,such as insufficient attention on inland ship emissions,lower localization of emission factors and incomplete consideration of the sources of air pollution in the port.
作者
贺林林
焦钰褀
贾瑞
梁越
HE Linlin;JIAO Yuqi;JIA Rui;LIANG Yue(School of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)
出处
《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期78-87,共10页
Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)
基金
重庆市博士后科研特别资助项目(Xm2017188)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1600400)
中国地质调查项目(DD20189270)
重庆市基础与前沿研究科学基金项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0559)
重庆交通大学研究生科研创新基金项目(2020S0028)
水利水运工程教育部重点实验室开发基金项目(SLK2017A03)。
关键词
港口工程
绿色港口
排放清单
排放特征
港口船舶大气污染因子
port engineering
green port
emission inventory
emission characteristics
air pollution factor of port ships
