摘要
学界对量刑指导意见已有诸多研究,但依托计量分析模型评估其运行效果的实证研究,尚属空白;现有的规范研究,也难以从规范制定技术上满足对量刑指导意见的改进需要。以盗窃罪量刑为切入点,实证地考察了量刑指导意见的司法实践,并有如下发现:在有期徒刑量刑中,趋轻情节的作用力不及趋重情节;量刑指导意见对罚金刑的指导不足。通过借鉴英美量刑指南的立法技术,可以改进我国的量刑指导体系:其一,要将量刑起点确定为具体的点;其二,在以数额为量刑中心的现状下,要缓和边际数额的决定性作用;其三,从量刑起点出发确定基准刑时,应当合并考虑数额;其四,在量刑情节的编排上,要先确定责任刑情节、后确定预防刑情节,并在有期徒刑量刑中扩大趋轻情节的适用空间;其五,应当加强对罚金刑的量刑指导,构建更为细致的罚金刑量刑体系,并在与自由刑的搭配上做到实质公平。
Although studies on sentencing guidelines are abundant in China,no empirical research has been carried out to quantitatively evaluate the actual effects of the guidelines.As a result,the existing doctrinal researches are unable to provide the legislative techniques necessary for the improvement of the guidelines.This article empirically examined the judicial practice of sentencing guidelines through the lens of crime of theft.The Stata empirical analysis shows that the effect of mitigating circumstances is generally weaker than that of aggravating circumstances in the sentencing of fixed-term imprisonment.Moreover,the sentencing guidelines failed to provide sufficient guidance on fines.On the basis of the above analysis,this article draws on the legislative techniques of the British and American sentencing guidelines,and put forward suggestions for improving the sentencing guideline system in China.Firstly,the starting point for sentencing should be determined as a specific point instead of a range;secondly,the decisive role of the marginal amount should be reduced;thirdly,when determining the benchmark sentence from the starting point,the amount should be considered together;fourthly,in the arrangement of sentencing factors,those relating to retribution should be determined before those relating to deterrence,so as to limit the final sentence under just deserts;and finally,it is necessary to strengthen the guidance on fines and to ensure that the fines,taken together with other sanctions imposed,are punitive in nature.
出处
《法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期171-189,共19页
Chinese Journal of Law
基金
“上海交通大学凯原海外青年访问学者”项目的资助。
关键词
量刑指导意见
盗窃罪
量刑基准
罚金
sentencing guidelines
theft
sentencing benchmark
fines
