摘要
针对传统数控机床控制系统存在计算方法较为复杂、稳定性较差和响应速度慢的问题,提出基于改进PID优化的数控机床电气控制系统。利用PID闭环反馈系统下奈奎斯特图得出稳定的裕量信息,通过奈奎斯特曲线与系统距离量化系统稳定性,把采集到的初始数据作为零点,下一时间采集的信息和零点偏差当成误差量并不断输出信号,降低误差振荡值;直流电源供配电子系统以线码模式标记为IO信号提供电源电压;电气负荷子系统通过电机床的有功、无功以及视在功率推测系统的负荷,使系统能够并行处理多种事件,最后由自动换刀、断刀检测、深度检测降低损耗,以辅助功能模块、状态显示、运行模式选取、G代码编辑、控制器的程序编辑以及参数设置模块实现整个系统的搭建。实验证明,所设计系统响应速度快、对数控机床的恒温冷却及刀具位移变化的控制性能较好,稳定性强。
The traditional numerical control machine tool control system has the problems of complicated calculation method,poor stability,and slow corresponding speed.For this reason,an electrical control system of numerical control machine tool based on improved PID optimization is proposed.PID closed loop feedback system is used to obtain stable margin information,the system stability is quantified through the Nyquist curve and the distance of the system,the collected initial data is taken as the zero point,and the information and zero point collected at the next time Deviations are treated as errors and signals are continuously output to reduce the error oscillation value;DC power supply and distribution subsystems provide power supply voltage as IO signals marked in line code mode;electrical load subsystems estimate the system through the active,reactive and apparent power of the motor bed.In order to realize that the system can handle multiple events in parallel,and finally reduce the loss by automatic tool change,broken tool detection,depth detection,auxiliary function modules,status display,operation mode selection,G code editing,controller program editing,and The parameter setting module realizes the construction of the whole system.Experiments have proved that the designed system has fast response speed,good control performance on constant temperature cooling and tool displacement changes of NC machine tools,and strong stability.
作者
黄金晶
杨凯
王嘉卿
HUANG Jinjing;YANG Kai;WANG Jiaqing(Engineering Training Center,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201305,China)
出处
《机械与电子》
2021年第8期45-50,共6页
Machinery & Electronics
