摘要
目的掌握2016—2019年上海市松江区学龄儿童与孕妇的碘营养状况和变化趋势,为科学制定防治措施提供依据。方法 2016—2019年,采用分层随机抽样法,按上海市松江区地理区域划分,每年抽5个街镇,每街镇随机抽20例孕妇;每街镇随机抽1所学校,从学校随机抽40名8~10岁学生。对孕妇和儿童行盐碘、尿碘和甲状腺容积的检测。结果共检1 273份家庭食盐,合格碘盐食用率为71.64%,碘盐合格率为84.76%。4年间儿童和孕妇尿碘中位数各为208.00和150.10μg/L,男童高于女童(223.50 vs 161.00μg/L),差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.179,P<0.01)。孕晚期尿碘水平低于孕早、中期,但不同孕期尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.741,P>0.05)。330名儿童进行甲状腺容积检测,肿大检出率为0。结论儿童和孕妇的盐碘覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率均偏低,8~10岁儿童尿碘水平超适宜量,孕妇尿碘水平刚达适宜水平,但孕妇碘营养缺乏占比较大,应继续坚持全民食盐加碘政策,加强重点人群的宣教,合理科学食用碘盐,使儿童和孕妇盐碘量提高至较优水平。
Objective To learn about iodine nutritional status and trend of school age children and pregnant women in Songjiang District of Shanghai from 2016-2019,provide a basis for scientific development of prevention and control measures. Methods From2016-2019,five sub-districts(towns) were selected every year according to the geographical division in Songjiang District of Shanghai by the stratified random sampling method,20 pregnant women were randomly collected in each sub-district(town),and one school was randomly sampled in each sub-district(town),while 40 students aged 8~10 years old were randomly collected in each school.And students and pregnancy women were tested for their household iodized salt concentration,urine iodine and goiter rate.Results A total of 1 273 samples of household iodized salt were tested,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 71.64%,and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 84.76%. The median of urinary iodine concentration of children and pregnant women was208.00 and 150.10 μg/L respectively in four years,that in boys was higher than that in girls(223.50 vs 161.00 μg/L),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-3.179,P<0.01). The urinary iodine level of third trimester was lower than that in the first,second trimester,but the differences were not statistically significant (χ^(2)=2.741,P>0.05). A total of 330 children were examined for thyroid volume,and the goiter rate was 0. Conclusion The salt iodine coverage rate and qualified iodized salt consumption rate of children and pregnant women are low,the urinary iodine level of children aged 8~10 years old is higher than the appropriate range. And the urinary iodine level of pregnant women is at lower limit of appropriate range,but the proportion of iodine deficiency in pregnant women is high. It is necessary to continue to adhere to the policy of universal salt iodization,strengthen the publicity and education of key groups,and eat iodized salt reasonably and scientifically,so as to raise the salt iodine level of children and pregnant women to a better level.
作者
程浩然
夏曼曼
蒋元强
俞龑韬
王慧
盛峰松
CHENG Hao-ran;XIA Man-man;JIANG Yuan-qiang;YU Yan-tao;WANG Hui;SHENG Feng-song(Department of Health Monitoring,Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201620,China;Infecious Disease Prevention and Control,Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201620,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第12期1638-1642,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
碘盐
尿碘
妇幼
Iodized salt
Urine iodine
Children and Pregnant women
