摘要
目的了解淄博市淄川区中小学生视力不良的检出率及其变化趋势,为保护学生视力及防控学生近视提供参考依据。方法按照规范采用标准对数视力表对淄川区中小学生进行裸眼远视力检查。结果2016~2020年淄川区中小学生视力不良率分别为58.61%、58.92%、59.37%、62.78%和61.57%,5年间上升了2.96%。2020年小学生、初中生、高中生视力不良率分别为44.07%、77.28%、82.96%,较2016年分别上升了0.68%、5.73%、4.28%;2020年城区、乡村学生视力不良率分别为68.41%、57.69%,较2016年分别上升了1.78%、1.63%。男女生与城乡2016~2020年每年各学段学生在总体的构成比表现为小学平均48.94%(24635/50337)、初中平均35.91%(18077/50337)、高中平均15.15%(7625/50337),显示为小学>初中>高中。视力不良学生构成比表现为小学平均35.21%(10661/30280)、初中平均44.16%(13372/30280)、高中平均20.63%(6247/30280),显示为初中>小学>高中。除城区小学男生视力不良率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),表现出较明显下降趋势外,其他城乡各学段男女生均未见显著下降变化趋势。反之乡村初中男生(P<0.05)、初中女生(P<0.01)视力不良率差异有统计学意义,表现出较明显上升趋势。结论淄博市淄川区中小学生视力不良情况总体有上升幅度变缓,落回往年水平的态势。
Objective To understand the detection rate and change trend of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Zichuan district,Zibo city,so as to provide a reference for protecting students’eyesight and preventing and controlling students’myopia.Methods According to the norms,standard logarithmic visual acuity charts were used to examine the distance visual acuity of the pupils and middle school students in Zichuan district.Results From 2016 to2020,the detection rates of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students in Zichuan district were 58.61%,58.92%,59.37%,62.78% and 61.57%,respectively,an increase of 2.96% in 5 years.In 2020,the detection rates of poor eyesight among elementary school students,junior high school students,and high school students were 44.07%,77.28%,and 82.96%,respectively,which increased by 0.68%,5.73%,and 4.28% from 2016;in 2020,poor eyesight was detected in urban and rural students.The rates were 68.41% and 57.69%,respectively,which was an increase of 1.78% and 1.63% from 2016.From 2016 to 2020,the overall composition ratio of boys and girls to the students of each school stage in each school in both urban and rural areas was 48.94% in elementary schools(24635/50337),35.91%in junior high schools(18077/50337),and 15.15% in senior high schools(7625/50337),displayed as elementary school>junior high school>high school.The proportion of students with poor eyesight was as follows:elementary school average 35.21%(10661/30280),junior high school average of 44.16%(13372/30280),high school average of 20.63%(6247/30280),showing as junior high school>elementary school>high school.Except for boys in urban primary schools(P<0.01),the detection rate of poor eyesight was statistically significant,showing a significant downward trend.There was no significant downward trend in male and female students in all school sections in urban and rural areas.On the contrary,the detection rate of poor eyesight in rural junior high school boys(P<0.05)and rural junior high school girls(P<0.01)was statistically significant,showing a significant upward trend.Conclusion The poor eyesight of primary and middle school students in Zichuan district of Zibo city generally has a slower increase and a tendency to fall back to previous years.
作者
张存钊
董红玲
张茜
ZHANG Cun-zhao;DONG Hong-ling;ZHANG Qian(Zichuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo,Shandong,255100,China;不详)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2021年第7期535-538,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
视力不良
近视
检出率
中小学生
Poor vision
Myopia
Detection rate
Middle and primary school students
