摘要
目的分析中国女性子宫颈癌筛查率现况及其相关因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,以2015年中国慢性病及危险因素监测系统中,在298个调查县(县级市、区,以下简称“监测点”)居住超过6个月的20岁及以上完成调查的女性为调查对象,共91348名,采用面对面询问方式调查其基本情况及宫颈癌筛查情况,采用基于复杂抽样和人口加权的方法估计筛查率,比较不同特征对象筛查率的差异,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析子宫颈癌筛查的相关因素。结果调查对象的年龄为(51±14)岁,子宫颈癌筛查率为23.6%(21346名);不同年龄对象筛查率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中40~49岁对象筛查率较高,为34.8%(7043名);不同地区对象筛查率差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),其中华东地区筛查率较高,为27.9%(6707名)。居住在高收入地区、初中以上教育程度、非农业工作、家庭收入高、有医保、3年内有健康体检是中国女性子宫颈癌筛查的相关因素,其宫颈癌筛查率较高(均P<0.05)。结论中国女性子宫颈癌筛查率低,不同年龄和地区女性筛查率存在差异;居民所在地经济情况、家庭收入、教育程度、工作情况、医保情况及健康体检情况是其相关因素。
Objective To study the cervical cancer screening rate and related factors among women in China.Methods In 2015,Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance in Adults was conducted in 298 counties or districts using the multistage stratified cluster sampling in China.The study investigated 91348 women aged 20 years or older who lived in the local at least 6 months in the past year.We collected the information about cervical cancer screening and socio-demographic factors through face-to-face interview.The screening rate was calculated by the complex sampling design and populating weighting.Rao-Scott χ^(2) was used to test the differences in screening rates within subgroups.Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with the uptake of cervical cancer screening.Results The mean age of participants was(51±14)years old.The cervical cancer screening rate was 23.6%(n=21346),and there was a significant difference in the screening rates among age groups.The cervical cancer screening rate in women aged 40-49 years was 34.8%(n=7043).There was significant difference in the screening rates among geographic areas and the highest screening rate was 27.9%(n=6707)in the eastern China.The more likelihood of uptake of cervical cancer screening was significantly associated with living in high-income regions,higher education,non-agriculture employment,higher household income,having medical insurance,and having health check-up during the past three years,and the cervical screening rate was higher(all P<0.05).Conclusion The cervical cancer screening rate is low in China and there was significant difference in the age and geographic areas.The uptake of cervical cancer screening is associated with local economic status,household income,education,employment,health insurance,and health check-up.
作者
张梅
包鹤龄
王丽敏
赵振平
黄正京
张笑
李纯
周脉耕
吴静
王临虹
Zhang Mei;Bao Heling;Wang Limin;Zhao Zhenping;Huang Zhengjing;Zhang Xiao;Li Chun;Zhou Maigeng;Wu Jing;Wang Linhong(National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Department of Maternal and Child Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Office for Noncommunicable Disease and Elderly Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第24期1869-1874,共6页
National Medical Journal of China
关键词
宫颈肿瘤
人群筛查
监测
覆盖率
Uterine cervical neoplasms
Mass screening
Surveillance
Coverage
