摘要
探析典型河谷城市土壤重金属空间污染特征及其影响因素,对城市污染防治具有重要意义。采集宝鸡市区62份表层土壤,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定8种重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn)含量,基于地统计空间插值与地理探测器方法,以地理、环境、气象等11种因子为自变量,各元素含量为因变量,探析典型河谷城市土壤重金属含量的空间分异及其影响因素。结果表明,宝鸡市区土壤8种重金属元素均超过陕西省土壤背景值,其中Cd和Zn质量分数均值达0.77、261.17 mg·kg^(−1),为陕西省土壤背景值的8.19倍和3.76倍;Cd、Zn、As、Cu污染较严重,其分布主要集中在潘家湾立交桥、滨河路及马家坡,在空间上呈现一定的聚集性;降水对Cd的空间分布影响最大,而其他重金属主要受海拔高程影响。降水因子对Cd空间分布具有最强解释力(因子解释力P_(D,H)达0.188),除Cd外,DEM(高程)对其余7种重金属含量空间分布均具有最强解释力;此外,交互作用的P_(D,H)值均高于单个因素,表明复杂的环境条件加剧了土壤中重金属的积累。重金属的空间分布差异显著,这与研究区的环境和气象条件密切相关。
It is important to analyze the spatial pollution characteristics and influencing factors of heavy metals in soils of typical river valley cities.Therefore,the contents of 8 heavy metals(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Zn)were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)in 62 topsoil samples collected in Baoji City.And based on geostatistical spatial interpolation and geographic detector method,11 factors such as geography,environment and meteorology were taken as independent variables and the content of each heavy metal element was taken as dependent variables to explore the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of heavy metal content in soils of typical river valley cities.The results showed that the eight heavy metal elements in the soil of Baoji urban area were all higher than the soil background values of Shaanxi Province,and the mean mass fractions of Cd and Zn were 0.77 and 261.17 mg·kg^(−1),which were 8.19 and 3.76 times of the soil background values of Shaanxi Province.The pollution of Cd,Zn,As and Cu were more serious,and the distribution of Cd,Zn,As and Cu were mainly concentrated in Panjiawan overpass,Binhe Road and Majiapo,showing a certain spatial aggregation.Precipitation repressented the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of Cd,while other heavy metals were mainly affected by altitude.Precipitation had the strongest explanatory power to the spatial distribution of Cd content(P_(D,H)=0.188).Except Cd,elevation(DEM)showed the strongest explanatory power to the spatial distribution of the other seven heavy metal elements.In addition,P_(D,H) values of the interaction were higher than those of the single factor,indicating that complex environmental conditions intensified the accumulation of heavy metals in soil.The spatial distribution of heavy metals was significantly different,which is closely related to the environmental and meteorological conditions in the study area.
作者
张军
高煜
王国兰
金梓函
杨明航
ZHANG Jun;GAO Yu;WANG Guolan;JING Zihan;YANG Minghang(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation/Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education/Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期1276-1285,共10页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41771215)
旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室(长安大学)开放基金项目(300102290504)
陕西省社科界重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2020Z042)
陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室项目(20JS012)。
关键词
重金属
空间分布
地理探测器
风险探测
交互
宝鸡市
heavy metal
spatial distribution
geographic detector
risk detection
interaction
Baoji City
