摘要
渔运船是从事渔获物运输的专用船舶,能够提高捕捞渔船作业效率,增加捕捞渔船的作业强度。为掌握渔运船在海上的转载情况,从而间接了解捕捞渔船作业强度,该研究提出一种基于北斗船位数据的以设定航速阈值、距离阈值和时间阈值来提取渔运船转载信息的方法。如果渔运船和捕捞渔船距离小于50 m,且期间有持续3条以上的船舶监控系统(Vessel Monitoring Systems,VMS)记录,则认为可能发生了1次转载,并记录下相遇的时长、船名、空间位置。以浙江省为例,利用该方法从2018年浙江省的北斗船位数据中提取渔运船的海上转载信息,并进行统计分析。结果表明,有转载记录的渔运船808条,参与转载的捕捞渔船3548条,共转载28916次。渔运船停船转载占比21.0%,以1~1.4 m/s低速航行的作业状态转载占比53.7%,转载时长小于12.5 min的占比81.3%,同时得到渔运船转载的热点分布,转载累积时长最长的空间网格为122.5°E~123°E,31.5°N~32°N,转载累积时长187 h,其次为122°E~122.5°E,28°N~28.5°N,转载累积时长150h。通过分析渔运船海上转载位置和转载累积时长的空间分布情况可掌握捕捞渔船作业的时空变化特点,为渔业限额捕捞精细化管理提供依据。
Fish carrier vessels are engaged in the transportation of catch for high efficiency and effort of vessels,as fishing intensity redoubles in recent years.This study aims to extract the characteristic data in the transshipment of fish carrier vessels at sea in Zhengjiang Province of China,and then indirectly determine the fishing intensity of vessels.Beidou Vessel Monitoring System(VMS)position signals were also used to set the threshold of speed,distance,and time during extraction.If the distance between fish carrier and fishing vessel at sea was less than 50 m,and the duration was longer than 3 VMS position records,the system assumed that a transshipment event possibly happened,where the duration of the encounter,the names of vessels,and the spatial location were also recorded in real time.As such,the possible transshipment events were identified using the Beidou VMS position data in 2018,and then statistical analysis was also made for verification.It was found that there were 28916 transshipment events between 808 fish carriers and 3548 fishing vessels.Specifically,21.0%of transshipment events happened,when the fish carrier vessels were stopped,whereas,53.7%of transshipment events happened when the fish carrier vessels were sailing at a low speed between 1-1.4 m/s.The transshipment events with a duration of less than 12.5 min accounted for 81.3%of the total.Furthermore,the distribution of hot spots was finally obtained for the transshipment of fish carrier vessels.Additionally,the longest cumulative duration of transshipment was 187 hours at the space grid of 122.5-123°E and 31.5-32°N,followed by 150 h at the space grid of 122-122.5°E and 28-28.5°N.Consequently,it is widely expected to analyze the spatial distribution and the cumulative duration of transshipment events at sea,thereby clarifying the temporal and spatial changes in fishing vessel efforts.
作者
范秀梅
张胜茂
崔雪森
杨胜龙
Fan Xiumei;Zhang Shengmao;Cui Xuesen;Yang Shenglong(Key Laboratory of Fisheries Remote Sensing and Information Technology,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Academy of Fisheries Science,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第13期128-134,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901405)
国家自然科学基金项目(31772899)
浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室开放课题(2020KF001)
WWF/OPF蔚蓝星球基金项目(P04593)。
关键词
渔船
渔业
北斗卫星导航系统
船舶监控系统
转载
fish vessel
fisheries
Beidou navigation satellite system
ship monitoring system
transshipment
