摘要
以苦荞、甜荞为试验材料,研究菜籽饼有机肥和尿素对荞麦农艺性状及产量的影响,探究荞麦在沅江地区的生长适应性,发挥荞麦在冬季稻田轮作中的选择性。通过菜籽饼有机肥、尿素处理的不同品种,于播种45 d后对荞麦株高、叶数、茎节数进行统计分析,在成熟期对株粒数、株粒重、主茎节数、一级分枝数、千粒重、小区产量等进行测量。在肥料差异性影响方面,菜籽饼有机肥比尿素能显著地促进榆荞3号分枝期的株高、叶数、节数,分别提高6.70 cm、0.63片、0.63节;在品种差异性方面,榆荞3号、丰甜荞1号分枝期的株高显著高于苦荞西农9909,在叶数、节数上苦荞西农9909显著高于榆荞3号、丰甜荞1号。成熟期的苦荞西农9909在株高、一级分枝数上显著高于榆荞3号、丰甜荞1号,但节间长度(第6节)却是3个品种间最低的,从而导致其田间倒伏率偏高。在菜籽饼有机肥处理下,苦荞西农9909的株高分别是榆荞3号和丰甜荞1号的1.45和1.35倍,但其节间长度与后两个品种相比较,比值分别为51.98%和54.57%。在产量方面,菜籽饼有机肥处理的榆荞3号株粒数、株粒重、小区单产最高,比尿素处理组分别多出67.11粒、2.02 g、0.49 kg。综合整个生育期性状发现,菜籽饼有机肥有利于提升榆荞3号形态指标及在沅江地区的适应性和产量。
Tartary buckwheat and sweet buckwheat were used as experimental materials to investigate the changes in the agronomic traits and yield of buckwheat with rapeseed cake organic fertilizer and carbamide,and to investigate the adaptability of buckwheat in Yuanjiang area and the selection of buckwheat in rice field rotation in winter. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of rapeseed cake organic fertilizer and urea on the plant height,leaf number and node number of buckwheat after sowing 45 days and the number of plant grains,plant grain weight,number of main stem nodes and first-level branches,thousand grain weight,plot yield were measured during maturation period. In terms of the effect of fertilizer difference,rapeseed cake organic fertilizer significantly improved the plant height by 6.70 cm,leaf number by 0.63 slices and node number by 0.63 nodes of the No.3 Yuqiao at branching stage,compared with urea. In the terms of different varieties,the plant height of the No.3 Yuqiao and the No.1 Fengtianqiao was significantly higher than that of tartary buckwheat Xinong 9909,but the leaf number and node number were lower than the tartary buckwheat Xinong 9909 significantly. The plant height and number of primary branches of tartary buckwheat Xinong 9909 in the mature stage were significantly higher than those of the No.3 Yuqiao and the No.1 Fengtianqiao,but the internode length(section 6) was the lowest among the three varieties,which resulted in the high lodging rate in the field. Under the treatment of rapeseed cake organic fertilizer,the plant height of the tartary buckwheat Xinong 9909 was 1.45 and 1.35 times of the No.3 Yuqiao and the No.1 Fengtianqiao,respectively. However,compared with the latter two varieties,the ratio of internode length was 51.98% and 54.57%. In terms of yield,the No.3 Yuqiao treated with rapeseed cake organic fertilizer had the highest plant grain number,plant grain weight and plot yield,which were 67.11 granules,2.02 g and 0.49 kg more than those in urea treatment group. Based on the characteristics of the whole growth period,it was found that the organic fertilizer of rapeseed cake was beneficial to the improvement of morphology index,adaptability and yield of the No.3 Yuqiao in Yuanjiang area.
作者
郭兵
潘江鹏
GUO Bing;PAN Jiang-peng(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha Hunan 410205)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期213-217,共5页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610242020008)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-16-S12)。
关键词
荞麦
肥料
品种
生长发育
产量
buckwheat
fertilizer
variety
growth and development
yield
