摘要
目的分析山东省滨州市2010—2019年手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease, HFMD)流行特征,为科学制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集中国疾病监测信息系统中滨州市2010—2019年HFMD监测资料,采用描述流行病学方法对病例数据进行分析。结果滨州市2010—2019年共报告HFMD病例61 082例,年均发病率159.58/10万,疫情总体呈下降趋势,年度趋势变化差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4 576.81、P=0.001,P<0.05);同时,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7 506.98、P=0.001,P<0.05)。每年各月均有HFMD报告病例,报告病例呈明显单峰形式,6月达到顶峰,夏季(6—8月)报告病例最多,有38 693例,占63.35%。全市的7个县(市、区)均有报告病例,滨城区的报告发病数最多,有19 489例,占31.90%,不同地区构成比的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17 085、P=0.001,P<0.05);不同地区发病率也是滨城区最高,为288.96/10万,不同地区发病率的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9 783.08、P=0.001,P<0.05)。报告病例男女性别比为1.57∶1,男性高于女性,男女发病率的性别差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2 780.93、P=0.001,P<0.05);1~5岁组报告病例49 172例,占80.50%;职业分布以散居儿童为主,有43 734例,占71.60%。RT-PCR检测出的3 413例HFMD阳性确诊病例中,其他肠道病毒感染最多,有1 356例,占比39.73%,但EV71、CoxA16仍是HFMD高强度流行的主要病原体,不同年份感染的优势菌株不尽相同。结论 2010—2019年滨州市HFMD发病率较高,并呈现明显的季节、地域、人群及不同年份优势菌株分布特征。需重点关注高发地区、1~5岁小年龄组散居儿童疾病预防和疫苗接种。滨州市疾病预防控制中心需及时对病原体的流行进行动态监测,尽早发现疫情苗头并采取相应措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Binzhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies. Methods The HFMD surveillance data of Binzhou City from 2010 to 2019 in China Disease Surveillance Information system were collected, and the case data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 61 082 HFMD cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 159.58/100 000. The general trend showed a decline toward the end of 2019(χ^(2)=4 576.81, P=0.001, P< 0.05).The incidence difference in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7 506.98,P=0.001, P<0.05). The most reported cases were in summer(38 693 cases, 63.35%) along with the epidemic peak appeared to Jun. Cases were reported in all 7 counties and districts of Binzhou City, with statistically significant difference in composition ratio(χ^(2)=17 085, P=0.001, P<0.05) and incidence(χ^(2)=9 783.08, P=0.001, P<0.05). The Bincheng District occupied the largest number of HFMD cases(19 489 cases, 31.90%) and highest incidence(288.96/100 000). The rate of reported cases between male and female was 1.57∶1, with statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=2 780.93,P=0.001,P<0.05). The group of 1-5 years old(49172 cases, 80.5%) was the focus of population. In terms of occupational distribution, the cases were mainly scattered children(43 734 cases, 71.60%). Among the 3 413 laboratory confirmed cases, enterovirus 71(EV71) and coxsackievirus group A(CoxA) type 16 were the main pathogens of high prevalence, although other enteroviruses accounted for the most proportion(1 356 cases, 39.73%). In terms of etiology characteristics, there were different dominant pathogens in different years. Conclusion HFMD in Binzhou City from 2010 to 2019 shows obvious seasonal, regional and population distribution characteristics, and the incidence rate is still at a high level. More effective prevention and vaccination should be paid to the high incidence areas and scattered children aged 1 to 5 years old. And timely monitor of epidemic dynamics of pathogens would help to take corresponding measures earlier.
作者
郭辉
张志广
张云兰
贾永莲
姜宝法
GUO Hui;ZHANG Zhi-guang;ZHANG Yun-lan;JIA Yong-lian;JIANG Bao-fa(Department of Disease Control Information,Binzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Binzhou 256602,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《微生物学免疫学进展》
CAS
2021年第4期55-60,共6页
Progress In Microbiology and Immunology
关键词
手足口病
流行病学特征
防控
Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)
Epidemiological characteristics
Prevention and control
