摘要
[目的]为提升拖拉机的乘坐舒适性和驾驶安全性,建立了轮式拖拉机/农具系统的振动模型并分析了犁耕作业工况下的振动特性。[方法]基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立铧式犁的土壤切削有限元模型,通过试验验证模型的正确性,研究耕速和耕深等因素对犁具阻力的影响规律。在此基础上,以常发CF700轮式拖拉机为研究对象,构建轮式拖拉机/农具系统的振动模型,推导其振动微分方程组,获得道路运输、农田运输及犁耕作业3种工况下拖拉机系统的振动特性。[结果]与试验结果相比,仿真加速度接近于试验数据,验证了所建立振动模型的正确性。仿真结果表明:道路运输、农田运输及犁耕作业3种工况下拖拉机系统的固有频率基本保持不变,前桥、驾驶室、座椅及犁具的垂向振动固有频率分别为2.55、2.63、2.31及2.31 Hz;与道路运输工况下振动响应相比,农田运输和犁耕作业工况下拖拉机各部位垂向振动加速度显著降低。随着犁具耕作速度和深度的不断增加,拖拉机系统各部位的振动加速度也显著增大;当耕深或耕速一定时,前桥的垂向振动加速度最大。[结论]研究结果为拖拉机/农具系统的悬架结构设计提供参考。
[Objectives]In order to improve the riding comfort and driving safety of the tractor,it’s essential to develop a vibration model of wheeled tractor/implement system under plough operation condition to analyze its corresponding vibration characteristics.[Methods]Based on the ABAQUS software,the finite element model of plough-soil cutting system was developed in this work and validity was proved through experiment,which was used to study the influence of factors,such as tillage speed,depth and so on,on the resistance of plough.On this basis,with the wheeled tractor of Changfa CF700 taken as the research object,the vibration model of the wheeled tractor/implement system was constructed.Then,its vibration differential equations were deduced and the vibration characteristics of the tractor system under road transportation,farmland transportation and plough operation conditions were obtained.[Results]Compared with the experimental results,the simulated acceleration agreed well with the measured data and the validity of the proposed vibration model was proved.The simulation results showed that the natural frequency of the tractor system almost remained constant under the three working conditions above.The natural frequencies of vertical vibration for front axle,cabin,driver seat and plough were 2.55,2.63,2.31 and 2.31 Hz,respectively.Compared to the vibration responses under road transportation condition,those under farmland transportation condition could be reduced significantly.With the increase of tillage speed and depth,the vibration acceleration of each part of tractor system also increased significantly.When the tillage depth or speed was constant,the vertical vibration acceleration of front axle was the largest.[Conclusions]The research results of this work can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the suspension structure of the wheeled tractor/implement system under plough operation condition.
作者
刘伟
郑恩来
周永清
姚昊萍
朱跃
LIU Wei;ZHENG Enlai;ZHOU Yongqing;YAO Haoping;ZHU Yue(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1002-1012,共11页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51275249)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYXK2021001)
中国博士后基金项目(2016M591855)。
关键词
拖拉机
犁具
土壤
有限元
振动加速度
tractor
plough
soil
finite element
vibration acceleration
