摘要
对自秦汉时期以来的炭药止血理论沿革进行梳理,检索《中华医典》等古籍资料,明确了2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》所收录27种炭药的首次古籍记载。从化学成分、炭素及纳米技术的应用3个方面归纳总结中药炭药的止血物质基础。在化学成分方面,钙离子含量的增加有利于可溶性钙盐的形成从而发挥止血作用,鞣质类成分本身的聚合作用会使血管破裂处形成硬块从而达到止血效果,黄酮类成分和三萜类成分的含量变化与止血作用增强有关。炭药高温过程中形成的炭素具有一定的吸附作用,有助于发挥止血作用。纳米技术的应用主要归于炭药中碳点的发现,碳点具有良好的止血效果。炭药发挥止血作用的相关途径主要包括内源性凝血途径、外源性凝血途径、共同凝血途径及血小板等方面。
This article combs the evolution of the theory of charcoal drugs for hemostasis since the Qin and Han dynasties.The first ancient records of 27 kinds of charcoal drugs included in the 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia are verified by searching the Chinese Medical Dictionary and other ancient materials.The material basis for the hemostatic effect of charcoal drugs in modern research is divided into three aspects:chemical composition,carbon and nanotechnology applications.Among them,in terms of chemical composition,the increase in calcium ion content is conducive to the formation of soluble calcium salts to play a hemostatic effect.The polymerization of tannin themselves will cause lumps to form at the rupture of blood vessels to achieve hemostatic effect.The content changes of flavonoids and triterpenoids are related to enhanced hemostasis.The carbon formed during the high temperature process of the charcoal drugs has a certain adsorption effect,which helps to play a hemostatic effect.The application of nanotechnology is mainly attributed to the discovery of carbon dots in charcoal drugs,and a variety of pharmacological experiments have proved that carbon dots have a good hemostatic effect.This article summarizes the relevant ways that charcoal drugs exert hemostatic effects,mainly including endogenous blood coagulation pathways,exogenous blood coagulation pathways,common blood coagulation pathways,platelets,etc.
作者
赵玉升
李伟洋
曹天佑
赵琰
屈会化
ZHAO Yu-sheng;LI Wei-yang;CAO Tian-you;ZHAO Yan;QU Hui-hua(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中医药导报》
2021年第8期56-60,共5页
Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目团队项目(2019-JYB-TD-001)。
关键词
炭药
止血
中药
化学成分
炭素
纳米技术
碳点
charcoal drugs
hemostasis
traditional Chinese medicine
chemical composition
carbon
nanotechnology application
carbon dots
