摘要
从复杂性研究范式看,语言是一个有机而非机械符号系统。在有机观下,本文尝试提出解决功能句法分析中存在的不一致性、繁琐性和冗余性问题的方案。文章指出,语言系统形式层的核心概念是语法范畴,包括语法单位、结构成分和形式项;核心思想是语法关系,包括构成、组成、填充、说明和重合;语法描写和分析应尊重语言作为有机符号系统所具有的特点,包括采纳有机级阶思想和有机结构标准等,是简则简,是繁则繁。
From the perspective of complexity paradigm, language is an organic rather than a mechanistic semiotic system, and related studies should be carried out in the bi-directions-top — down and bottom-up. In the organic semiotic view, this paper proposes a solution to the inconsistencies, complexity and redundancy in functional syntactic description and analysis. The paper assumes that the core concept of the form level of language concerns grammatical categories, including grammatical units — clause, group/phrase, word and morpheme, structural components — such as the clausal elements of Subject, Predicator, Complement, Adjunct, etc., and items — instances of words, morphemes, etc. The core idea is about grammatical relations, including consisting of — e.g. the clause consists of groups, words, etc., componence — e.g. the clause is composed of Subject, Predicator, Complement, Adjunct, etc., filling — e.g. the slot of Subject is filled by a nominal group, a clause, etc., exponence — e.g. a noun is expounded by an instance "table", and conflation — e.g. the Operator is conflated by the Auxiliary. Grammatical description and analysis should observe the characteristics of language as an organic semiotic system, including the adoption of organic rank scale hypothesis-which allows both downward and upward rank shifting, and organic structural standards-which means that whether a grammatical unit is simple or complex, it should be analyzed as it is actually structured, regardless of its potential structure.
出处
《外语教学理论与实践》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期12-25,共14页
Foreign Language Learning Theory And Practice
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’沿线国家语言资源数据库建设及汉外对比研究”(19ZDA319)的阶段性成果。
关键词
复杂性研究范式
有机符号系统
语法范畴
语法关系
语法描写与分析
complexity paradigm
organic semiotic system
grammatical categories
grammatical relations
grammatical description and analysis
