摘要
景观格局与生态过程相互作用,景观结构和功能变化引起区域相应生态变化,由于人类对自然资源和环境影响的加剧,生态系统面临着严峻的考验,呈现出结构性破坏和功能紊乱,探索极端干旱区吐鲁番市高昌区景观格局及生态风险变化,为区域合理调整土地利用结构,实现生态、经济协调可持续发展提供理论依据。以3S技术为基础,吐鲁番市高昌区的2000、2005、2010和2015 landsatETM+与landsat OIL的3期的30 m栅格影像数据为基础,采用ENVI5.3软件对图像解译分析,运用Fragstats 4.2对景观格局分析。结果表明:(1)2000~2015年15 a内7种景观类型斑块数量呈现减少趋势,平均斑块面积增加;斑块密度呈减少趋势,景观完整程度增加;(2)2000~2015年景观聚集度呈现先减少后增加的变化,蔓延度变化大,聚集度指数增加了1.4838,香农多样性指数总体呈增加趋势,香农均匀度指数整体呈现减少,斑块和景观类型面积呈现均衡的发展,景观丰富度增加,区域生态稳定发展;(3)研究区南部生态风险状态较为稳定,风险等级基本没有明显变化,且风险等级较高,主要为未利用地,大多为荒漠,其生态风险较高主要是与其自身生态脆弱性有关。北部生态风险变化较为明显,风险等级也较为复杂多样,但大部分生态风险等级较低;总体来看,2000~2015年吐鲁番市高昌区高、较高生态风险区面积减少;低、较低生态风险区面积增加;区域整体生态风险呈降低趋势。
The interaction between landscape patterns and ecological processes shows that changes of landscape structure and function cause corresponding ecological changes in the region.Due to the intensification of human impact on natural resources and environment,the ecosystem is facing a severe test,to human impact on natural resources and environment and ecological system is facing the severe test,showing structural damage and dysfunction.The landscape pattern and ecological risk change in extreme arid area of Gaochang District,Turpan City were explored to provide a theoretical basis for the rational adjustment of land use structure and the coordinated and sustainable development of ecology and economy.Based on the 30 m raster image data of three phases of the 2000,2005,2010 and 2015 landsatETM+and landsat OIL in Gaochang District,Turpan City,ENVI5.3 software was used for image interpretation analysis,and Fragstats4.2 was used for landscape pattern analysis.The results showed that the number of plaques in the seven landscape types showed a decreasing trend,and the average plaque area increased during 2000~2015.The patch density of landscape types showed a decreasing tendency.The degree of change in the degree of completeness has a major influence on the degree of change in the degree of disturbance.Changes in forest land,water areas,and cultivated land are mainly caused by human factors.The completeness degree of the landscape increased.The degree of agglomeration appeared to decrease first and then increase during 2000~2015.The degree of contagion changed the most.The index of the aggregation degree increased by 1.4838.Shannon diversity index(SHDI)overall increased,and Shannon evenness index(Shei)overall decreased,patch and landscape type areas showed balanced development.The landscape richness increases,and regional ecology developed steadily.The ecological risk status in the southern part of the study area was relatively stable,and the risk level had no significant change basically,and the risk level was high,mainly for unused land,mostly desert.The high ecological risk was mainly related to its own ecological vulnerability.The change of ecological risk in the north was more obvious,and the risk level was more complex and diverse.Most of the ecological risk levels were low.From 2000 to 2015,the regions with the highest,higher levels of ecological risk decreased,whereas the regions with the lowest and lower levels of ecological risk increased.The overall ecological risk of the region showed a decreasing trend.
作者
孙桂丽
王立
李雪
王志强
赵芳芳
白一纯
SUN Gui-li;WANG Li;LI Xue;WANG Zhi-qiang;ZHAO Fang-fang;BAI Yi-chun(College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agriculture University,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industrial Technology in Arid Area,Urumqi 830052,China;Gaochang Forestry Bureau of Turpan City,Turpan 838000,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
CAS
2021年第8期78-86,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
国家自然科学基金(41861046)。
关键词
高昌区
景观格局
生态风险
动态变化
Gaochang District
Landscape pattern
Ecological risk
Dynamic change
