摘要
目的确定中国儿童青少年膳食模式,分析1991~2018年膳食模式的变迁。方法数据来源于中美合作课题"中国健康与营养调查"和国家财政项目"中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究"。选取10轮调查中数据完整的6~17岁儿童青少年共计18054人作为研究对象。膳食调查采用连续3d24h膳食回顾法。采用探索性因子分析方法建立膳食模式。结果确定4种膳食模式:南方模式以大米和蔬菜等为主要食物。现代模式以甜点和奶类等为主要食物。肉类模式以猪肉和水产类等为主要食物。素食模式以薯类和其他谷类等为主要食物。南方模式(β=-0.014,P for trend<0.0001)和素食模式(β=-0.017,P for trend <0.0001)得分呈下降趋势,现代模式(β=0.045,P for trend <0.0001)和肉类模式(β=0.012,P for trend <0.0001)得分呈上升趋势。结论儿童青少年膳食模式从传统模式逐渐向西方模式转变。加强儿童青少年营养健康宣传教育,促进建立平衡的膳食模式。
Objective To identify the prevailing dietary patterns among Chinese children and adolescents and evaluate trends in dietary patterns from 1991 to 2018. Methods The data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS) and China Nutrition Transition Cohort Study. A total of 18 054 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years with complete data were studied. The method of three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls was used. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Results Four distinct dietary patterns were identified: southern(high intakes of rice and vegetables), modern(high intakes of cakes, cookies, and pastries, dairy products), meat(high intakes of pork, fish and seafood), and vegetarian(high intakes of tubers and other cereals). The southern pattern score(β=-0.014,P for trend <0.0001) and vegetarian pattern score(β=-0.017,P for trend <0.0001) were decreased. The modern pattern score(β=0.045,P for trend <0.0001) and meat pattern score(β=0.012,P for trend <0.0001) were increased. Conclusion Chinese children and adolescents have experienced a dramatic shift from traditional dietary patterns to western dietary patterns.Strengthening the nutrition and health education of children and adolescents, and promoting the establishment of balanced dietary patterns are needed.
作者
张继国
王志宏
黄绯绯
张兵
王惠君
ZHANG Ji-guo;WANG Zhi-hong;HUANG Fei-fei;ZHANG Bing;WANG Hui-jun(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期213-217,共5页
Acta Nutrimenta Sinica
基金
中国健康与营养调查(No.2R01HD030880-20A1,No.R01HD30880,No.P2CHD050924,No.R01DK104371,No.D43TW009077)
国家财政项目(No.13103110700015005)。
关键词
变迁
儿童青少年
膳食模式
因子分析
trends
children and adolescents
dietary patterns
factor analysis
