摘要
目的调查中国高水碘和适水碘地区成年妇女膳食碘摄入量、碘来源以及贡献率,为指导不同水碘地区居民科学膳食提供依据。方法于2018年7—8月,在山东、河南两省选取1320名18~60岁妇女开展食物频率问卷调查,记录膳食情况、饮水量和食盐摄入量,并结合食物碘、水碘及盐碘的实验室检测结果,计算日均膳食碘摄入量,根据中国膳食碘摄入量推荐标准对潜在风险进行评估。结果高水碘和适水碘地区成年妇女膳食碘摄入量分别为441.52和180.67μg/d,介于推荐摄入量(RNI)和可耐受最高摄入量(UL)之间,均属于适宜水平。高水碘地区有18.12%的被调查者碘摄入量高于UL,适水碘地区有27.14%的被调查者碘摄入量低于RNI。2个地区碘盐食用率分别为8.96%和25.93%,对膳食碘的贡献率为0.03%和8.39%;水碘摄入量分别为383.06和93.06μg/d,对膳食碘的贡献率为84.22%和53.71%,均有显著的地区差异。结论高碘和适碘地区成年妇女碘摄入量总体上是适宜和安全的,饮用水是膳食碘的主要来源,适碘地区碘盐食用率较低,导致部分人群存在碘缺乏的风险。
Objective To investigate dietary iodine intake, iodine sources and their contribution rates among adult women in regions with high and appropriate drinking water iodine for providing evidences to develop the guidance on healthy diet for residents in China. Methods Information on daily diet, drinking water, table salt intake were collected with the Food Frequency Questionnaire among 1 320 women aged 18 – 60 years in regions with high and appropriate drinking water iodine in two provinces of China duing July – August 2018. Iodine content in food, drinking water and table salt were measured simultaneously and average daily iodine intake was estimated for the women. Iodine intake-related potential risks for the women were assessed according to the national dietary iodine intake recommendations. Results The daily dietary iodine intake was 441.52 μg and 180.67 μg for the women in the regions with high and appropriate drinking water iodine and the intakes were between the reference nutrient intake(RNI) and tolerable upper intake level(UL). Of the women in the regions with high drinking water iodine, 18.12% had the iodine intake higher than UL and 27.14% had the intake lower than RNI.For the women in in regions with high and appropriate drinking water iodine, the edible rate of iodized salt was 8.96% and 25.93%;the contribution rate of iodized intake salt to daily iodine intake was 0.03% and 8.39%;the daily intake of drinking water iodine was 383.06 μg and 93.06 μg;and the contribution rate of drinking water iodine to daily iodine intake was 84.22% and 53.71%, respectively. Conclusion The iodine intake is appropriate and safe and drriking water iodine is the main source of dietary iodine for the adult women in regions with high and appropriate drinking water iodine. Low edible rate of iodized salt may lead to a risk of iodine deficiency for the adult women in regions with appropriate drinking water iodine.
作者
张莹
马巍
李秀维
曹晓晓
王海燕
王建强
谷云有
徐菁
ZHANG Ying;MA Wei;LI Xiu-wei(National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Trace Element and Nutrition,National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期1250-1253,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
水碘
碘盐
膳食碘摄入
成年女性
推荐摄入量
water iodine
iodized salt
dietary iodine intake
adult women
recommended intake
