摘要
目的:研究稻壳、大豆皮对肉鸡生产性能、肌肉品质及腺胃肌胃发育的影响。方法:选取14日龄AA肉鸡300只,随机分为对照组、稻壳组和大豆皮组共3组,每组设10个重复,每个重复10只。各组在饲喂相同日粮基础上,分别补饲石粉+玉米、稻壳+玉米、大豆皮+玉米,补饲成分制成颗粒形状,试验期28 d。分别于28、42日龄每组选取10只鸡,空腹称重,颈静脉放血致死,按要求取材并测定相关指标。结果:28日龄时,三个处理组之间肉鸡采食量、体重和料重比均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。42日龄时,大豆皮组肉鸡体重与其他两组相比显著升高(P<0.05),而料重比较其他两组显著降低(P<0.05);42日龄时,大豆皮组肉鸡屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于稻壳组(P<0.05),胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但屠宰率较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。稻壳组肉鸡屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率较对照组没有显著差异(P>0.05)。三个处理组之间肉鸡半净膛率和全净膛率差异均不显著(P>0.05);42日龄时,稻壳组胸肌肉色L值较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);对照组胸肌L值与大豆皮组相比较差异不显著(P>0.05)大豆皮组腿肌L值较稻壳组和对照组显著减小(P<0.05);对照组腿肌L值较稻壳组显著不差异(P>0.05);稻壳组腿肌a、b值较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);大豆皮组腿肌a、b值与对照组相比较无显著差异(P>0.05);28日龄时,稻壳组肉鸡腺胃重、肌胃重及腺胃肌胃比较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);大豆皮组腺胃重、肌胃重及腺胃肌胃比,与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);三个处理组间腺胃和肌胃器官指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。显微观察可见,大豆皮组肌胃类角质膜较厚,肌胃腺较高、排列紧密且与黏膜肌层结合紧密,腺胃深层复管状腺排列紧密、结构完整。结论:补饲稻壳、大豆皮对肉鸡生产性能、肉品质及腺胃肌胃发育有一定促进和改善作用,其中以补饲大豆皮效果最好。试验结果同时提示,肉鸡生产中补饲大豆皮和稻壳等纤维源,可在一定程度上预防和减缓腺胃肌胃炎的发生,提高肉鸡生产效益。
Objective:To study the effects of rice husks and soybean hulls on broiler performance,meat quality and development of the glandular stomach.Methods:30014-day-old AA broilers were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups:the control group,the rice husk group and the soybean hull group,with 10 replicates in each group,and 10 replicates in each group.On the basis of the same diet,each group was fed with stone powder+corn,rice husk+corn,soybean hulls+corn,and the supplementary ingredients were crushed and mixed directly without special treatment to form pellets.The test period was 28 days.Ten chickens in each group were selected at 28 and 42 days of age,weighed on an empty stomach,and died by bleeding from the jugular vein.Materials were taken as required and related indicators were measured.Results:At the age of 28 days,the muscular weight of the rice husk group was significantly higher than that of the control group and soybean hull group(P<0.05),and the ratio of glandular stomach to the stomach of the soybean hull group was significantly higher than that of the control group and rice husk group(P<0.05).At 42 days of age,compared with the control group,the ratio of pectoralis and leg muscles in the soybean hull group increased significantly,and the ratio of musculostomata and pectoralis and L value of pectoralis muscle decreased significantly(P<0.05);the weight of muscular stomach and leg muscle a value in the rice husk group,b value increased significantly,glandular stomach weight and breast muscle L value decreased significantly(P<0.05);the average weight,slaughter rate,breast muscle rate,leg muscle rate,and breast muscle L value of the soybean hull group were significantly higher than those of the rice husk group.The muscle L,a,b values were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Microscopic observation showed that the musculo-gastric keratinocyte in the soybean hull group was thicker,the muscular gastric glands were taller,tightly arranged and closely integrated with the muscularis mucosa,and the complex tubular glands in the deep layer of the proventriculus were tightly arranged and structurally complete.Conclusion:Supplementary feeding of rice husk and soybean hulls has certain effects on broiler performance,meat quality and the development of the glandular stomach musculature.Among them,supplementary feeding of soybean hulls is the best.The results of this experiment also indicate that supplementing fiber sources such as soybean hulls and rice husks in broiler production can prevent and slow down the occurrence of glandular gastroenteritis to a certain extent,and improve the production efficiency of broilers.
作者
王芳
任曼
徐茂森
赵春芳
金光明
李升和
WANG Fang;REN Man;XU Maosen;ZHAO Chunfang;JIN Guangming;LI Shenghe(Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health,Fengyang 233100,China;Dingyuan Chemical School,Dingyuan 233200,China)
出处
《安徽科技学院学报》
2021年第3期30-38,共9页
Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University
基金
安徽省科技重大专项(17030701004,201903a06020002)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(2018080702D0093)
安徽省高校学科(专业)拔尖人才学术资助项目(gxbjZD2020080)。
关键词
稻壳
大豆皮
肉鸡
生产性能
肉品质
腺胃肌胃发育
Rice husk
Soybean hull
Broiler
Production performance
Meat quality
Glandular stomach development
