摘要
通过分析基地蔬菜水果中农药残留现状,初步对201个样品中检出的16种农药残留分别开展暴露风险评估和预警风险评估。在268项暴露风险评估结果中,有119项食品安全指数(IFS)大于1(占44.40%),基地蔬菜水果中烯酰吗啉、甲维盐、噻虫嗪残留对人体健康安全,其余13种检出农药均应列入风险管理范围、加强风险监测;基地的瓜类、芸薹属类、根茎、薯芋类、叶菜类、茄果类、豆类蔬菜和食用菌都存在不可接受的农药残留风险,只有基地水果安全状态很好;甲霜灵在茄果类蔬菜上风险可以接受,吡虫啉在豆类蔬菜上的风险基本能够接受。在预警风险评估中,超标农药除克百威残留存在中度风险外,吡虫啉、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、毒死蜱、氧化乐果均为低度风险;其余检出未超标农药都存在低度风险;中度风险农药克百威和低度风险农药氧乐果、毒死蜱等禁限用农药应作为重点监控对象。
By analyzing the current situation of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in the production base,the assessment of risk exposure and risk early warning of 16 pesticides’residue detected in 201 samples were carried out.Among the 268 risk exposure assessment results,119 items of food safety index(IFS)were greater than 1(44.40%).The residue of dimethomorphine,methamoxane and thiamethoxam in the vegetables and fruits of the production base were safe for human health.The remaining 13 detected pesticides should be included in risk management and their monitoring should be strengthened.Melons,brassicas,rhizomes,yams,leafy vegetables,solanaceous fruit,legumes and edible fungi all had unacceptable risk of pesticide residue,while fruits in the sampled base were safe.The risk of metalaxylene on solanaceous vegetables was acceptable,and the risk of imidacloprid on legumes vegetables was basically acceptable.In the assessment of risk early warning,except the medium risk of carbonfuran residue,imidacloprid,cyhalothrin,cypermethrin,chlorpyrifos and diethoate oxides were all at low risk.The other pesticides not exceeding the standard also had low risk.Prohibited pesticides of medium risk such as carbonfuran and low risk such as oxalogo and chlorpyrifos should be regarded as key monitoring objects.
作者
田耿智
Tian Gengzhi(Pingliang Agricultural Products Quality Safety and Inspection and Testing Center,Pingliang Gansu 744000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2021年第27期112-116,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
平凉市农产品质量安全风险监测项目“农产品质量安全风险监测与评估研究”(平农发[2019]191号)。
关键词
蔬菜
水果
农药残留
风险评估
食品安全
vegetables
fruits
pesticide residue
risk assessment
food safety
