摘要
相控阵馈源是近年在射电天文领域新兴的一种阵列天线接收系统,在射电望远镜焦平面上以矩形、六边形等方式排布电小天线单元阵列。通过波束合成对各个阵元施加不同的激励,调控各个阵元的幅度与相位,使得各波束相互交叠、相位中心紧密相邻,从而能够对焦平面区域进行完全采样,实现连续的视场覆盖以提高巡天效率。从焦平面阵列出发,对比介绍了相控阵馈源及多波束技术;之后进一步详细描述了现今世界范围内相控阵馈源技术前沿研究,其中主要包括美国的NARO,荷兰的ASTRON,加拿大的DRAO和澳大利亚的CSIRO等研究机构在PAF研制方面的具体工作;之后介绍了国内在大科学装置及SKA等大科学工程推动下开展的相控阵馈源的技术预研及工程实践;最后针对现有相控阵馈源技术发展,提出了该项技术未来的研究难点及发展方向。
Phased array feed is a new array antenna receiving system in the field of radio astronomy in recent years.It is a kind of small electric antenna unit array arranged in rectangular,hexagonal and other ways on the focal plane of radio telescope.It applies different excitation to each array element through beam combination,and regulates the amplitude and phase of each array element,so that each beam overlaps with each other and the phase center is close to each other.In order to improve the efficiency of sky survey,the focal plane area can be fully sampled to achieve continuous field of view coverage.Starting from focal plane array,this paper introduces the phased array feed and multi-beamed technology,and then describes in detail the advanced research of phased array feed technology development in the world,including NRAO in the United States,ASTRON in the Netherlands,DRAO in Canada and CSIRO in Australia,etc.And then introduces the technology pre-research and engineering practice of phased array feed which are carried out under the promotion of large scientific device and projects such as SKA.Finally,according to the development of existing phased array feed technology,the future research difficulties and development direction of this technology are proposed.
作者
王凯
陈卯蒸
马军
宁云炜
曹亮
闫浩
李健
段雪峰
项斌斌
WANG Kai;CHEN Mao-zheng;MA Jun;NING Yun-wei;CAO Liang;YAN Hao;LI Jian;DUAN Xue-feng;XIANG Bin-bin(Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210033,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology,Urumqi 830011,China)
出处
《天文学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期377-402,共26页
Progress In Astronomy
基金
国家自然科学基金(11973078,11903073,11903077,U1831201)
中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(2020-XBQNXZ-018)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0404703,2018YFA0404704)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2019D01A99)
中国科学院天文台站设备更新及重大仪器设备运行专项经费。
关键词
射电望远镜
接收机
多波束技术
相控阵馈源
radio telescope
receiver
multi-beamed technology
phased array feed
