摘要
对比分析了2011/2012—2015/2016年榨季和2016/2017—2020/2021年榨季两个5榨季为1个阶段的甘蔗种植面积排名全球前15位,且生产条件与中国较为类似的9个国家甘蔗单产和产糖率及其增幅与年遗传增益。结果表明:2016/2017年榨季至2020/2021年榨季与上5个榨季相比,6个国家甘蔗单产增幅和单产年遗传增益呈正效应,其年遗传增益(kg/hm^(2))由高至低依次为:中国(876.00)、印度(732.96)、巴基斯坦(678.48)、南非(346.92)、古巴(333.36)和巴西(220.08);7个国家甘蔗产糖率增幅和产糖率年遗传增益呈正效应,其年遗传增益(百分点)由高至低依次为中国(0.091)、泰国(0.069)、巴西(0.036)、印度(0.036)、菲律宾(0.030)、南非(0.021)和巴基斯坦(0.011)。2016/2017年榨季至2020/2021年榨季的5个榨季,中国甘蔗单产和产糖率均位列第一,平均达76.81 t/hm^(2)和12.59%,比上5个榨季的平均69.51 t/hm^(2)和11.83%分别增加10.5%和0.76%(绝对值);中国大陆自育的高产高糖甘蔗品种种植面积占比从29.31%上升至76.70%,‘新台糖’系列品种从70.69%下降至23.30%。表明中国甘蔗单产及产糖率改良进展及成效显著。
The sugarcane planting area from 2011/2012 to 2015/2016 and from 2016/2017 to 2020/2021 ranked top 15 in the world and 9 countries with production conditions similar to the China's Mainland were compared and analyzed for the cane per unit area yield,cane sugar recovery and their increase and annual genetic gain.The results showed that from 2016/2017 to 2020/2021,there were positive effects on the increase of sugarcane yield per unit area and the annual genetic gain of sugarcane yield per unit area in six countries compared with the previous five crushing seasons.The annual genetic gain(kg/hm^(2))from high to low was China(876.00),India(732.96),Pakistan(678.48),South Africa(346.92),Cuba(333.36)and Brazil(220.08);The annual genetic gain(percentage points)of sugar production rate and annual genetic gain of cane sugar recovery in 7 countries are China(0.091),Thailand(0.069),Brazil(0.036),India(0.036),Philippines(0.030),South Africa(0.021)and Pakistan(0.011);In the five crushing seasons from 2016/2017 to 2020/2021,the unit yield and sugar yield of sugarcane in China ranked first,with an average of 76.81 t/hm^(2) and 12.59%,an increase of 10.5%and 0.76%(absolute value)respectively compared with the average of 69.51 t/hm^(2) and 11.83%in the previous five crushing seasons;The proportion of planting area of high-yield and high sugar sugarcane varieties developed in the China's Mainland increased from 29.31%to 76.70%,and the"ROC"series varieties decreased from 70.69%to 23.30%.The results showed that the improvement progress and effect of sugarcane yield and sugar yield in China's Mainland were remarkable.
作者
胡朝晖
潘永保
WERAPON Ponragdee
HU Zhaohui;PAN Yongbao;WERAPON Ponragdee(Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,510316;National Information Center for Sugarcane Industry,Guangzhou 510316;USDA-ARS,Sugarcane Research Unit,Houma,LA,USA;Field and Renewable Crops Research Institute,DOA,Thailand)
出处
《中国糖料》
2021年第4期75-80,共6页
Sugar Crops of China
基金
农业农村部政府购买服务农业农村经济发展相关监测(125D0602-15195001)资助。
关键词
甘蔗
单产
产糖率
遗传增益
改良
ugarcane
cane per unit area yield
cane sugar recovery
genetic gain
improvement
