摘要
面雨量达到中雨以上级别的降雨对防汛至关重要。采用1960~2017年期间长江流域气象和水文站降雨量资料进行逐日分区面雨量计算,对面雨量达到中雨、大雨、暴雨、大暴雨量级的降雨进行分类和统计分析。通过分析不同雨量级别降雨发生的时间、空间分布特征和发生频次,探索长江流域各分区不同面雨量特点和规律。研究结果表明:①长江中下游东南部全年都出现暴雨,而雅砻江全年没有暴雨量级的降雨;②长江上游降水在时间上较中下游更为集中;③鄱阳湖水系中雨、大雨、暴雨频次最高;④嘉陵江、渠江、三峡区间、汉江上游秋汛期9月降雨具有高强度的特点,乌江、三峡区间10月降雨更多是绵绵秋雨;⑤长江上游面雨量最大值依次出现在三峡区间、涪江、渠江,中下游依次为滁河、陆水、青弋水阳江。研究成果可为长江流域水旱灾害防御、水库群联合调度及水资源综合利用等决策提供科学依据。
The areal rainfall of moderate or above level is very important for flood control.We used rainfall data from meteorological and hydrological stations in Changjiang River Basin from 1960 to 2017 to calculate the daily regional rainfall,then classified and analyzed the rainfall in levels of moderate rain,heavy rain,torrential rain,and heavy torrential rain.By analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,and rainfall occurrence frequency of different rainfall levels,the characteristics and laws of different rainfall levels in different areas of the Changjiang River Basin were explored.The results showed that:①torrential rain occurred throughout the year in the southeast of the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River,while the Yalong River Basin had no torrential rain throughout the year.②The precipitation in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River was more concentrated in time than the middle and lower reaches.③The Poyang Lake water system had the highest frequency of moderate rain,heavy rain and torrential rain.④The Jialing River,Qujiang River,the Three Gorges section,and the upper Hanjiang River were characterized by high-intensity rainfall in September during the autumn flood season,while in October in the Wujiang River and the Three Gorges section faced mostly continuous autumn rain.⑤In the upper reaches of the Changjiang River,the maximum areal mean rainfall from high to low appeared in the Three Gorges Section,Fujiang River,and Qujiang River.In the middle and lower reaches the maximum areal mean rainfall from high to low appeared in Chuhe River,Lushui River,Qingyi River and Shuiyang River.The research results can provide a scientific basis for the prevention of floods and droughts in the Changjiang River Basin,the joint operation of reservoirs and the comprehensive utilization of water.
作者
沈浒英
孙嘉翔
王乐
SHEN Huying;SUN Jiaxiang;WANG Le(Hydrology Bureau,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China.;Meteorological Center of East China Air Traffic Management Bureau,Shanghai 200335,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2021年第9期79-85,共7页
Yangtze River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405400)。
关键词
面雨量
降雨频次
时空分布
长江流域
areal mean rainfall
rainfall frequency
spatial and temporal distribution
Changjiang River Basin
