摘要
个人信息保护与信息自由流动之间存在张力,个人信息是权利主体参与社会交往的基础性要素,信息处理行为规制的核心在于防止信息的过度处理与权利滥用。必要性原则是个人信息处理的基本原则与平衡机制,应当基于场景化的思维实现原则的规则化与制度配套。必要性原则包含目的关联性、数据最小化、存储期限、合理方式等四层内涵。"合理信息期待"是检验信息处理限度适当与否的判断标准。国家作为信息处理者,出于公共利益,可对必要性原则进行适度缓和。基于优先保护的弱势平等理念,应当严格限制处理儿童等特殊信息主体的个人信息。信息类型反映具体处理行为间的差异化信息风险,禁止处理敏感个人信息应当作为一般性原则,例外情形属于法律保留事项,应当以维护公共利益、重大个人利益和市场需求为核心,并配置严苛条件。
There is a tension between the protection of personal information and the free flow of information.Personal information is the basic element for the right subject to participate in social interactions,and the core of the regulation of information processing behavior is to prevent excessive processing of information and abuse of rights.The principle of necessity is the basic principle and balance mechanism of personal information processing,the rules and systemization of the principle should be realized based on situation-oriented thinking.The principle of necessity contains four connotations such as purpose relevance,data minimization,storage limitation,and reasonable approach.Reasonable expectation of information is the judgment standard to test the appropriateness of information processing limitation.The state as information processor may moderate the principle of necessity in the public interest.Based on the concept of priority protection of vulnerability and equality,the processing of personal information of special information subjects such as children should be strictly limited.The categories of information reflect the differentiated information risks among specific processing behaviors,and the prohibition on processing sensitive personal information should be taken as a general principle,the exceptions belong to the legal reservation,which should be based on the protection of public interests and major personal interests with strict conditions.
出处
《上海政法学院学报（法治论丛）》
2021年第5期150-160,共11页
Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)
基金
2020年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全以公平为原则的产权保护制度研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:20ZDA049。
关键词
个人信息
必要性原则
场景
信息风险
利益平衡
Personal Information
Principle of Necessity
Context
Information Risk
Balance of Interests
